تحلیل سری زمانی سنجه‌های جذب هواویز سنجنده‌های SCIAMACHY و GOME-2 در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف:
در سه دهه گذشته گرد و خاک به‌عنوان یک پدیده جهانی سبب نگرانی جوامع جهانی شده است. ایران به ­دلیل قرارگیری در منطقه خشک به‌شدت تحت تأثیر این پدیده است. این پدیده به ­طور معمول با حمل توده‌ی عظیمی از ذرات معلق همراه است که در عصر جدید با تصاویر ماهواره‌ای به‌طور واضح قابل‌ردیابی و تشخیص هستند. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی تغییرات سری زمانی سنجه هواویز جذب با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای در مقیاس ملی است.
مواد و روش­ ها:
بمنظور مطالعه روند تغییرات پدیده گرد و خاک در ایران از داده‌های ماهانه ماهواره‌ای سنجه جذب هواویز1 (AAI) سنجنده2SCIAMACHY  در سال‌های 2002 - 2012 و 3 GOME-2در سال‌های 2007 - 2017 با استفاده از آزمون ناپارامتریک من - کندال پرداخته شد. نرخ تغییرات مربوط به بخش‌های مختلف با استفاده از شیب تایل – سن4 برآورد شد.
نتایج و بحث:
نتایج حاصله از داده‌های SCIAMACHY بر مبنای آماره Z، روند صعودی در مناطق غرب، جنوب غرب، مرکز و شمال شرق ایران را در یک دوره 10 ساله نشان می‌دهد. نتایج تحلیل سنجه جذب هواویز سنجنده GOME-2 روند صعودی را در محدوده‌­ای از استان مرکزی، اصفهان، همدان، دریاچه ارومیه، فارس و استان‌های چهارمحال و بختیاری و کهکیلویه و بویراحمد به‌طور کامل و قسمت کوچکی از استان گلستان و سمنان را فاقد روند خاص نشان می ­دهد. بر اساس آماره p، روند تغییرات در بیشتر مناطق ایران معنی‌دار است. بر مبنای نتایج شیب تایل - سن مناطق غرب، جنوب و مرکز ایران بیشترین تغییرات را در غلظت هواویز جو نشان می‌دهد. انطباق بالای بین نتایج حاضر و گزارش‌های ایستگاه هواشناسی قابلیت بالای داده‌های ماهواره­ای مورداستفاده در این تحقیق را جهت شناسایی مناطق درگیر با پدیده گرد و خاک در مقیاس ملی نشان می­ دهد.
نتیجه‌گیری:
هر چند پدیده گردوغبار یک پدیده غیر قابل کنترل است ولی می­ توان با شناساندن محدوده آن در قالب الگوی گردشی و بررسی ویژگی ­های آماری در بازه ­های زمانی مختلف به برنامه­ ریزان فرصت لازم برای مقابله و سازگاری با آن داد بر این اساس پیشنهاد می­ گردد از این فناوری در مدیریت کلان منابع طبیعی کشور استفاده گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Time series analysis of SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 absorbing aerosol index in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faezeh Alizadeh 1
  • Samereh Falahatkar 1
  • Afsaneh Afzali 2
1 Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction:
In the past three decades, dust has become a global concern for global societies. Due to Iran’s location in an arid region, it is severely influenced by this phenomenon. This phenomenon usually carries a huge mass of particle matters that can be clearly detected by satellite images. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the time series changes of absorbing aerosol index using satellite images at a national scale.
Material and methods:
In order to study the trend of monthly changes in dust phenomena in Iran, the data of Absorbing Aerosol Index (AAI) of SCIAMACHY sensor, which was taken during 2002-2012, and GOME-2 during 2007-2017 were evaluated using non-parametric Man-Kendall test. The variation rates for different sectors were estimated using Theil-Sen slope.
Results and discussion:
The results showed an increasing trend in the western, southwest, center, and northeastern regions of Iran during 10 years based on Z statistics SCIAMCHY. The results also showed an increasing trend of GOME-2 Aerosol Absorbing Index in some parts of Markazi, Isfahan, Hamedan, and Fars provinces, and Lake Urmia and completely in Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari, and Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad provinces. Also, Golestan and Semnan provinces didn’t show any specific trends. According to P statistic, the trend of change in most regions of Iran was significant. Based on the results of Theil-Sen slope, the western, southern and central regions of Iran showed the most changes in atmospheric aerosol concentration.
Conclusion:
The high compatibility between the present results and the reports of meteorological stations showed the high capability of satellite data, which we used in this study, in order to identify the areas that encountered to dust phenomenon at a national scale. Accordingly, it is recommended that this technology be used for the macro-management of the natural resources in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Absorbing aerosol index
  • Mann-Kendall test
  • Dust
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