بررسی اثر تنوع‌ زیستی بر شاخص‌های بهره‌وری و ثبات در موستان‌های شهرستان تاکستان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد کشاورزی اکولوژیک، پژوهشکده علوم‌محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران

2 دانشیار گروه کشاورزی اکولوژیک، پژوهشکده علوم‌محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران

3 دانشیار گروه اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، قزوین

چکیده

با کاهش تنوع‌ زیستی، توانایی اکوسیستم‌های کشاورزی در فراهم کردن خدمات اکوسیستمی همچون امنیت غذایی دچار اختلال شده است. با وجود جایگاه مهم انگور در معیشت جوامع تولید‌کننده و نیز پتانسیل صادراتی بالای آن، پژوهش‌های معدودی درباره وضعیت تنوع در اکوسیستم‌های تولید انگور و ارتباط آن با شاخص‌های بهره‌وری و ثبات که موضوع این تحقیق است، انجام شده است. در این رابطه، اطلاعات مورد نیاز از طریق بازدید از منطقه و مصاحبه با 220 تاک‌دار در سال 1391 جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که همبستگی شاخص شانون-وینر با بهره‌وری کل(**175/0-)، آب(**19/0-)، زمین(*173/0-) و نیروی انسانی(**202/0-) و شاخص غنای گونه‌ای با بهره‌وری زمین(*14/0-) منفی و معنا‌دار بود که بیانگر رابطه منفی تغییرات در تنوع با بهره‌وری و در نهایت پایداری بلندمدت در موستان‌های این منطقه است. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که ضرایب تعیین (R2) در بازه 04/0 – 03/0 قرار دارند و این بدان معناست که 1درصد تغییر در تنوع‌ زیستی در حدود 04/0 – 03/0 درصد تغییر در مقادیر بهره‌وری را به همراه خواهد داشت. همچنین مشخص شد که تنوع واریته‌ای موستان‌ها هیچ تأثیری بر ثبات عملکرد آنها نداشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Study of the Effects of Biodiversity on Productivity and Stability Indicators in the Vineyards of Takestan County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Ghazvini 1
  • Hadi veisi 2
  • Abdolmajid Mahdavi-Damghani 2
  • Korous Khoshbakht 2
  • Mohammad Ali Nejatian 3
1 MSc. Graduate of Agroecology, Department of Agroecology, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agroecology, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Seed and Plant Improvement, Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Qazvin
چکیده [English]

As biodiversity declines, the ability of agro-ecosystems to produce ecosystem services such as food security deteriorates. Despite the important role of grape in the livelihood of communities that produce this crop and also its high potential for export, very few studies have been conducted on the status of biodiversity in grape production ecosystems and its relationship with different indices of productivity and stability. The data presented here were collected during face-to-face interviews with 220 grape orchardists in 2011. Results showed negative significant correlations between the Shannon-wiener index with total productivity (- 0.175**), water productivity (- 0.19**), land productivity (- 0.173**) and labour productivity (- 0.202**) as well as correlations between species richness with land productivity (- 0.14*). These results indicate negative relationship between changes in biodiversity of grapevine varieties with vineyard’s productivity and imply the long-term sustainability of the vineyards in Takestan County. Regression analysis showed that the explanation coefficients (R2) were between 0.03-0.04. We tentatively conclude from this that a 1% change in BD corresponds to approximately a 0.03-0.04% change in the value of productivity. The results also showed that the varietal diversity of vineyards have no effect on vineyards’ yield stability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Shannon-wiener index
  • Species richness
  • Ecosystem services
  • Sustainability
  • Grape
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