برنامه‎ریزی منطقه‎ای محیطی یکپارچه برای حوضه دریاچه ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله کوتاه

نویسندگان

دانشکده شهرسازی و معماری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران

چکیده

دریاچه ارومیه دومین دریاچه بزرگ نمکی در جهان است‎. اکوسیستم این دریاچه به دلایل اجتماعی - اقتصادی و معیارهای اکولوژیکی نقش مهمی در شمال غرب ایران ایفا می‎کند‎. طی دهه‎های اخیر رویکرد توسعه‎ای کم توجه به پایداری منطقه‎ای و تغییرات آب و هوایی‎، زمینه پیدایش وگسترش بحران محیطی دریاچه ارومیه را فراهم کرده است. هدف این پژوهش استفاده از ظرفیت رهیافت برنامه‎ریزی محیطی یکپارچه به عنوان رهیافتی کل‎نگر و میان‌کنشی برای برنامه‎ریزی و مدیریت سیستم محیطی دریاچه ارومیه از طریق یک فرآیند راهبردی و هدف‌سو در جهت ارتقای شرایط محیطی حوضه این دریاچه است‎. روش کار مبتنی بر مطالعات اسنادی و میدانی است که با مطالعه متون و منابع موجود در ارتباط با برنامه‎ریزی محیطی و توسعه‎ی پایدار و اسناد مرتبط با دریاچه ارومیه و مصاحبه با متخصصان محلی و ملی انجام شده است. در این راستا تحولات محیطی و میان‌کنش‎های متقابل اکوسیستمی دریاچه ارومیه بررسی شده و با بهره‎گیری از نظرات متخصصان امور محیطی و برنامه‎ریزان و براساس نتایج بدست آمده از به کارگیری روش فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و دلفی‎، سیاست‎های بخش تصمیم‎گیرندگان برای بهبود شرایط اکوسیستم دریاچه در اولویت قرار گرفته است. در نتیجه براساس این سیاست‎ها‎، تصمیم‎گیرندگان در این حوضه به عنوان تاثیرگذارترین بخش‎، باید در راستای درک کامل تاثیر فعالیت‎های انسانی در اکوسیستم دریاچه و آگاهی دادن به گروه‌های اثرگذار و اولویت‌داربرآمده و به مقابله جدی با این بحران بپردازند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Integrated Regional Environmental Planning, Urmia Lake basin as the Case-Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hossein Sharifzadegan
  • Rezvan Abbasi Bakhshkandi
Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Urmia Lake is the second largest salt lake in the World. This Lake's ecosystem for socio - economic reasons and ecological criteria plays an important role in the North West of Iran. In recent decades, unsustainable regional development and climate change has provided the emergence and spread of environmental crisis in Urmia Lake .This research uses the capacity of integrated environmental planning approach as a holistic and interconnected approach for planning and management of environmental system of Lake Urmia with a strategic and goal oriented process in order to improve the environmental conditions of the lake basin. Methods in this research are based on documentary and field studies with the study of literature in relation to the environmental planning and sustainable development and documentation related to the Urmia Lake and interviews with local and national experts. In this regard, environmental changes and Lake's Ecosystem interactions have been studied and with using of planning and environmental experts and based on the results of the Delphi method and Analytical Hierarchy Process, decision-makers policy has priority to improve the conditions of the Lake's ecosystem. Under these policies , the decision-makers in this basin as the most influential part, should try to gain fully understanding of interactions and impact of human activities on the ecosystem of the lake and to raise awareness of effective and priority groups and to confront seriously with this crisis

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecosystem
  • Environmental Planning
  • Integrated Approach
  • Sustainable development
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