فصلنامه علوم محیطی

فصلنامه علوم محیطی

اندازه ‏گیری بهره ‏وری زیست‏محیطی بخش کشاورزی ایران

نوع مقاله : Original Articles

نویسنده
غلامحسین کیانی
استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان
چکیده
دراین مطالعه بهره وری، کارایی و تغییر تکنولوژی متداول و زیست محیطی در بخش کشاورزی کشور با استفاده از شاخص مالم کوئیست لونبرگر و داده های تابلویی 28 استان و طی دوره زمانی 87-1379 محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان می دهد میانگین سالانه شاخص موازنه نیتروژن به عنوان تقریبی از آلودگی نیتروژن، 32.7 کیلوگرم در هکتار و میانگین کارایی مصرف نیتروژن در کشور 62 درصد بوده است. به طور میانگین شاخصهای بهره وری، کارایی و تغییر تکنولوژی متداول برابر با 0.9687، 0.9610 و 1.008 بوده و شاخصهای متناظر زیست محیطی آنها به ترتیب 0.9716، 0.9738 و 0.9977 بوده است. بنابراین نادیده گرفتن آلودگی در محاسبه شاخصهای بهره وری منجر به برآورد بیش از حد یا کمتر ازحد مقدار واقعی آنها می شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تابع فاصله جهت دار
شاخص مالم کوئیست لونبرگر
آلودگی نیتروژن
ایران

عنوان مقاله English

Environmentally Adjusted Productivity Measurement of the Iranian Agricultural Sector

نویسنده English

Gholam Hossain Kiani
Isfahan University
چکیده English

In this study, the conventional and environmentally adjusted productivity and the efficiency and technical changes of the Iranian agricultural sector are measured, using the Malmquist-Luinberger index and the panel data from 28 provinces over the period 2000-2008. Results show that the annual average of nitrogen balance index, as a proxy of nitrogen pollution, is 32.7 kilograms per hectare of agricultural land and nitrogen use efficiency is 62%. On average, the conventional total factor productivity, efficiency and technical change indices are 0.9687, 0.9610 and 1.008, respectively, while the environmentally adjusted counterpart indices are 0.9716, 0.9738 and 0.9977. Hence, by ignoring pollution, conventional measurements of productivity tend either to overestimate or to underestimate the true productivity of the agricultural sector.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Keywords:Directional distance function
Malmquist-Luenberger index
Nitrogen pollution
Iran
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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 11، شماره 4
زمستان 1392