اندازه گیری میزان ماده آلوده کننده پلی کلرو بی فنیل ها (PCBs) در خاک منطقه طالقان و بررسی وجود عوامل بیولوژیک حذف کننده ی PCBs در این نمونه ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم زیستی، دانشکده مهندسی مواد وعلوم میان رشته ای، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه تحقیقات و توسعه ، بیوتکنولوژ ی دارویی، انستیتو پاستور ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: هدف از مطالعه حاضر، اندازه گیری غلظت پلی کلرو بی فنیل ها در خاک اطراف ترانس های برق در منطقه طالقان کرج، و شناسایی و استخراج باکتری های تجزیه کننده پلی کلرو بی فنیل ها جهت حذف بیولوژیکی در محیط زیست بود .
مواد و رو ش ها: برای این منظور، نمونه گیری از خاک اطراف ترانس های برق تعداد 5 ایستگاه در نقا ط مختلفی که با استفاده از دستگا ه GPS تعیین شده بود ، انجام گرفت. نمونه برداری خاک از عمق 20 سانتی متری در شرایط استریل و در ظروف شیشه ای صورت گرفت. تعداد 5 نمونه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت که از بین این 5 نمونه تنها 2 نمونه از نظر آلودگی با ترکیب ها ی PCBs مثبت بودند و کاوش میکروبی در این دو نمونه انجام شد. دو نمونه موردنظر که از لحاظ ترکیب ها ی PCBs مثبت گزارش شدند هم به صورت مستقیم و هم به صورت رقیق شده کشت داده شدند . جهت شناسایی و تعیین باکتری های تجزیه کننده ترکیب های پلی کلرو بی فنیل ها از محیط های کشت LB Broth ، محیط های بلاد آگار و مک کانکی استفاده گردید .
نتایج و بحث: از نمونه های مورد بررسی در یکی از نمونه های مورد نظر میزان این ترکیب ها برابر 3 قسمت در میلیون بود و در نمونه دوم میزان ترکیب ها PCBs 0 / 02 قسمت در میلیون بود. در نمونه های T1 و T2 که به صورت مستقیم کشت داده شدند ، باسیل های گرم منفی رشد کرده و قابل مشاهده بودند. در نمونه T1 رقیق شده هیچ باکتری رشد نکرد از طرفی در نمونه T2 رقیق شده کوکسی رشد و قابل مشاهده بود. نمونه T2 رقیق شده که حاوی کوکوس بود بنفش شده و گرم مثبت می باشد. در واقع نمونه های T1 و T2 مستقیم حاوی باسیل رشته و در پاسخ به رنگ آمیزی گرم به رنگ قرمز صورتی درآمد (گرم منفی) .
نتیجه گیری: استفاده از باکتری های بیان شد ه جهت حذف ترکیب ها ی PCBs یکی از راه های مفید کاهش آلودگی در این مکان ها، با
کمترین اثر مخرب بر محیط زیست و در عین حال سودآورترین بخش های صنعت می باشد .

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the soil samples of Taleghan region and investigation of the presence of biological agents capable of removing PCBs

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Zakeri 1
  • Nastaran Akbarian 1
  • Kamand Hedayat 2
1 Biology Science Department, Material Engineering and Interdisciplinary science faculty, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
2 Research and Development Department, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Faculty, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: In the recent decades with the increase of population and the expansion of industries, various chemicals have entered the environment and polluted the ecosystem and PCBs are one of these life threatening contaminants. Microbial degradation of PCBs has been considered as one of the cost effective and efficient methods to the remove these contaminants from the environment.
The aim of the present study was to measure the concentration of poly- chlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in the soil around power transformers in Taleghan region of Karaj. We also aimed to identify and extract bacteria that degrade PCBs to be used as biological removal in the environment.
Material and methods: For this purpose, soil samplings were done at five stations in different places around power transformers. Samplings were performed in a depth of 20 cm in sterile conditions and samples were kept in glass containers. LB broth Blood Agar and McConkey culture media were used to identify and determine the bacteria degrading PCBs.
Results and discussion: Five samples were examined, only two of which were positive for PCBs contamination. Microbial exploration was performed in these two samples. In one of the samples, the amount of PCBs was 3 PPM, while in the second sample, the total amount of PCBs was estimated to be less than 0.02 PPM. These two samples were cultured both directly and diluted. In samples 1 and 2, which were cultured directly, gram-negative bacilli grew. In diluted sample 1, no bacteria grew, while in diluted sample 2, cocci were grown and in gram coloring, it turned purple so it was gram-positive. Direct samples 1 and 2 contained bacilli and turned red (gram-negative) in response to gram coloring.
Conclusion: The use of these bacteria to remove the compounds of PCBs is one of the useful ways to reduce pollution in these places, with the least harmful effects on the environment and at the same time the most profitable sectors of the industry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : poly- chlorobiphenyls
  • soil
  • negative bacillus
  • culture media
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