نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه فرآوری و محیطزیست معدنی، دانشکده مهندسی معدن، دانشکده معدن دانشکدگان فنی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران
2 دانشکده محیطزیست، سازمان حفاظت محیطزیست، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction: Risk assessment, particularly in the environmental domain, serves as a fundamental tool for identifying, controlling, and mitigating the hazards associated with human and industrial activities. This process enables systematic management and prevention of adverse outcomes by conducting a comprehensive analysis of potential threats. Through the application of reduction, elimination, and substitution strategies, high-severity and high-likelihood risks can be identified and mitigated to lower levels. Such measures facilitate the balance between human activities and environmental protection, effectively preventing further ecosystem degradation. Integrating environmental risk assessment into various stages of project planning and implementation ensures that potential threats are identified and managed effectively, minimizing negative impacts. This approach plays a vital role in fostering sustainability and responsibly managing natural resources, ultimately enhancing the quality of life and preserving these resources for future generations.
Material and Methods: This study investigates environmental issues in the maintenance processes of Transmission and high-voltage electrical substations in Zanjan Province using two models: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Energy Trace and Barrier Analysis (ETBA). A total of 64 risks were identified in each model.
Results and discussion: The integration of these two methods allowed for a comprehensive identification of environmental hazards, including risks such as energy losses, harm to birds and animals, and hazardous waste. Recommendations for risk control and management were provided, such as fencing the equipment and sealing canal entrances and exits to prevent animals from entering. The analysis outcomes included identifying energy types and their sudden or unwanted release, evaluating barriers and energy control systems, calculating risk numbers, assessing barrier efficiency, and proposing actions for risk reduction and the resulting residual risk.
Conclusion: In this study, risk assessment was conducted using the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Energy Trace and Barrier Analysis (ETBA) methods, which demonstrated that the level and identification of risks were similar in both approaches. Among the most significant risks identified was energy loss, for which mitigation strategies such as network optimization, equipment upgrades, proper maintenance planning, and reducing leaks were recommended. For moderate risks, such as harm to animals and birds, solutions like fencing equipment, insulating busbars, and studying animal behavior in the region were suggested. In managing hazardous waste, such as mineral oils, the study recommended developing comprehensive guidelines, proper collection, and delivery to recycling centers. Additionally, reducing water and electricity consumption was emphasized through measures such as drip irrigation, energy-efficient equipment, and double-glazed windows. Finally, for managing administrative waste and minimizing paper use, the study advocated for the development of digital systems and promoting awareness and training in waste segregation, which significantly contribute to pollution reduction.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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