Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Malayer University, Malayer, iran
Abstract
Introduction:Oil contamination is an inevitable consequence of rapid population growth. The non-stop usage of oil resources on a large-scale is increasing and it is a major cause of pollution. In the present study, nickel and zinc pollution as heavy metals found in the waste from petroleum product storage tanks was investigated.Materials and methods:Sampling was conducted randomly and from six different types of oil tanks based on the type of products manufactured, and repeated three times for each tank. Since the samples were aggregated into three different phases (organic, watery, watery and organic phases), a special method of analysis was used for each phase.Results and discussion:The results showed that the average concentrations of nickel and zinc in the waste of the storage tanks were 141.5 mg/l and 087.7 mg/l, respectively. The comparison of waste concentrations with the standards of the environmental protection agencies of America and Iran showed that, in 25% of samples, the nickel concentration is higher than the standards while 75% of samples have the equal or smaller nickel concentration. Also, the Zinc concentration was higher than the standards in 20% of samples.Conclusion:Finally, with regard to the importance of the ecological status of the Shazand area, control of heavy metal pollution and monitoring of waste oil reserves in the region is emphasized, which requires accurate and timely management in order to prevent an increase in these pollutants.
Ahmadi, B., 2012. Survey about heavy metals effects on human health. Zanjan regional water company,URL: http://znrw.ir/articlesbank/B.A.doc/. Accessed April 21.
Askarzadeh, H., Bazrafshan, A.and Hajipourfard, H., 2003. Evaluation of petroleum contaminants in groundwater of Arak Refinery. Journal of Environmental studies. 32, 47-56 (In Persian whithEnglish abstract).
Clesseri, L.S., Grrentery, A.E., andEaton, A.D., 2005. Standard Methods For Examination of Water and wastewater. 21 th ed McGraw-Hill publishing company. P. 320.
Ebrahimi, S., Shayegan, J., Malakouti, M.J. and Akbari, A., 2011. Environmental Evaluation and Assessment of Some Important Factors of Oil Contamination in Soil around Sarkhoun Gas Refinery of Bandar Abbas. Journal of Environmental studies. 57, 9-26 (In Persian withEnglish abstract).
Environmental protection agency.2003. PART433. Metal finishing point source category, April 2003.
Feyzi, M., Sartaj, M. and Fathianpour, N., 2007. Study on expansion of refineries and petrochemical petroleum contaminants in groundwater Arak. 1st Iranian Petrochemical Conference, Isfahan, Iran. P. 98 (In Persian withEnglish abstract).
Han, C.J., Li, M., Qin, S., Zhang, G., Xing, L., Li, S. and Jing, G., 2009. Treatment and recovery of oily sludge using washing method. 3rd International conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, New York, IEEE. P. 112.
Heidarzadeh, N., Gitipour, S. and Abdoli, M, A., 2010. Characterization of oily sludge from a Tehran oil refinery. Waste Management and Research, 28, 921-927.
Jafarzadeh, N., Azimi, A. and Boostani, M., 2009. Study of industrial effluent from a desalination plant in the southern Iranian crude oil. 12th National Conference on Environmental Health, Tehran, Iran. P. 83 (In Persian WhithEnglish Abstract).
Jie, K., Wen and Y., 2011. Application Progress of Oily Sludge Treatment Technology. International conference on Electric technology and Civil Engineering, IEEE. P. 1059.
Karamalidis, A, K. and Voudrias, E, A., 2004. Application of stabilization/solidification technology on oil refinery sludge contaminated by heavy metals. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part a-Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering. 39, 961-971.
Kriipsalu, M., Marques, M. and Maastik, A., 2008. Characterization of oily sludge from a wastewater treatment plant flocculation-flotation uNit in a petroleum refinery and its treatment implications. Journal of Material Cycles andWaste Management. 10, 79-86.
Liu, Q.P. and Yan, Y.L., 2011. Analysis of Petroleum Leaching Behaviour from Cement-Solidified Oily Sludge. Asian Journal of Chemistry. 23, 1591-1593.
Majnoonian, H., 1999. National parks and protected areas values and functions. Iran, Iran Environmental Protection AgencyPublication. P. 416 (In Persian withEnglish abstract).
Protection of Environment, 2012. Standards for the use or disposal of sewage sludge, 2007. URL: http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/water.nsf/NPDES%2BPermits/Sewage%2BS825/$FILE/503-032007.pdf/. Accessed April 30.
Rahmani, A.R., Khodadadi, M. and Saghi, M, H., 2011. Application of Biotechnology in Environmental Sanitation. 1st ed.Iran, Hamedan, Hamedan University of Medical university publication. P. 213.
Ramirez, Jr.P., 2002. Oil field produced water discharges into wetlands in Wyoming. U.S Fish and Wild Life Service.
Sabet Eghlidi, P., Zarei, H. and Omrani, G.A., 2013. Recognition, classification and waste management of shiraz oil Refinery based on RCRA method. Journal of Human and Environment. 25, 23-34 (In Persian withEnglish abstract).
Shaeri, A.M. and Rahmati, A., 2012. Human Environmental laws, regulation criteia and standards. Iran, HakPublication. P. 332 (In Persian whitEnglish abstract).
Sud, D., Mahajan, G.and Kaur, M.P., 2008. Agricultural waste material as potential adsorbent for sequestering heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions - a review. Bioresource Technology. 99, 6017-27.
Sumi, L. and Goldman, J., 2004. Pit Pollution. Oil and Gas Accountability Project.
Thoma, G.J., Bowen, M.L. and Hollensworth, D., 1999. Dissolved air precipitation solvent sublation for oilfield producedwater treatment. Seperation and Purification Technology. 16, 101–107.
Mortazavi, S., & Saberinasab, F. (2016). Heavy metals (Nickel and Zinc) pollution of industrial waste of storage tanks and petroleum products distribution of Shazand oil refinery. Environmental Sciences, 14(4), 135-148.
MLA
Samar Mortazavi; Faezeh Saberinasab. "Heavy metals (Nickel and Zinc) pollution of industrial waste of storage tanks and petroleum products distribution of Shazand oil refinery". Environmental Sciences, 14, 4, 2016, 135-148.
HARVARD
Mortazavi, S., Saberinasab, F. (2016). 'Heavy metals (Nickel and Zinc) pollution of industrial waste of storage tanks and petroleum products distribution of Shazand oil refinery', Environmental Sciences, 14(4), pp. 135-148.
VANCOUVER
Mortazavi, S., Saberinasab, F. Heavy metals (Nickel and Zinc) pollution of industrial waste of storage tanks and petroleum products distribution of Shazand oil refinery. Environmental Sciences, 2016; 14(4): 135-148.