بررسی اثر سرریزهای تکنولوژی بر انتشار گاز CO2 در ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری اقتصاد منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان

2 گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان

چکیده

هرچند افزایش رشد اقتصادی‌یکی از مهم‌ترین اهدف دولت‌ها می‌باشد، اما رشد اقتصادی بالاتر عمدتا با افزایش آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی همراه است. تجربه کشورهای توسعه یافته و بعضی از کشورهای درحال توسعه نشان می‌دهد با افزایش رشد اقتصادی، ابتدا آلودگی زیست محیطی افزایش و سپس در سطحی از تولید سرانه به علت توجه به محیط زیست، آلودگی کاهش می‌یابد که این موضوع را می‌توان در منحنی زیست محیطی کوزنتس نشان داد. لذا اهدف اصلی این مطالعه تعیین سطح درآمد سرانه‌ای است که به علت توجه به مسائل محیط زیست باعث کاهش انتشار آلودگی می‌شود و همچنین بررسی اثر شاخص سرریز تکنولوژی بر نقطه چرخش منحنی می‌باشد. در این راستا با استفاده از مدلهای تقاضای واردات کالاهای واسطه‌ای و کالاهای سرمایه ای، شاخص سرریز تکنولوژی محاسبه و اثر آن در  نظریه زیست محیطی کوزنتس در فاصله زمانی سالهای 1345 تا 1392 بررسی شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که متغیر سرریز تکنولوژی نه تنها اثری مثبت و معنی دار بر انتشار گاز دی اکسید کربن دارد، بلکه نقطه چرخش منحنی زیست محیطی کوزنتس را نیز در درآمد سرانه بالاتر امکان‌پذیر می‌سازد. 

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Technology Overflows on CO2 Emissions in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elahe Vaseghi 1
  • Seyyed Abdolmajid Jalaee Esfandabadi 2
1 Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahid Bahonar Kerman
2 Department of Economics, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Shahid Bahonar Kerman
چکیده [English]

Although economic growth is one of the most important objectives of governments, higher economic growth is mainly associated with an increase in environmental pollution. The experience of the developed countries and some developing countries shows that with increasing economic growth, first the environmental pollution is increased and then it is reduced due to the attention to the environment at the level of production per capita which can be shown in Kuznets environmental curve. The main objective of this study is to determine the level of per capita income which causes reduced emission of the pollution due to considering the environmental issues as well as studying the impact of technology overflow index on the turning point of the curve. In this regard, using the models of the demand of capital-intermediate goods import, technology overflow index was calculated and its effect on Kuznets environmental curve theory in the period of 1966 to 2013 was reviewed. The results showed that technology overflow variable not only had a positive impact and significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions, but it also made the Kuznets Environmental Curve's turning point possible in higher per capita income.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Overflow technology- Import Demand- carbon dioxide- per capita income- Environmental Kuznets Curve
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