Naghmeh Mobarghaee; Amir Hedayati Aghmashhadi; Samaneh Zahedi
Volume 14, Issue 2 , July 2016, , Pages 119-128
Abstract
The transportation sector is the fastest growing energy demand in the world and it has created many economic and environmental problems for both industrial and developing countries. Economic problems, including high inflation and low developed public transport, are the main causes of the spread using ...
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The transportation sector is the fastest growing energy demand in the world and it has created many economic and environmental problems for both industrial and developing countries. Economic problems, including high inflation and low developed public transport, are the main causes of the spread using of obsolete private vehicles in Iran that and this has imposed high costs on the society. In this research for estimating the social cost of obsolete cars, first of all the number of old cars in the country has been calculated and, then the social cost that old cars impose on the community have been calculated by assessing the effect of each pollutant gas. The result shows that, in 2011, although only about 11 percent of the country’s cars were old, they cause more than 75 percent of pollutant emissions and this has also imposed about 32 million dollars social costs to the society. To reduce this cost, it is necessary to have a well managed integrated transport system operated by governmental and private sectors.
Mohammad Hossein Sharifzadegan,; Naghmeh Mobarghaei; Pouya Joudi
Volume 9, Issue 4 , July 2012
Abstract
The creation of environmental problems in both developing and developed countries has attracted more attention to the question of environmental conservation during the decision making process. Rapid development and its effect on the environment have resulted in impact assessment to become a part of development ...
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The creation of environmental problems in both developing and developed countries has attracted more attention to the question of environmental conservation during the decision making process. Rapid development and its effect on the environment have resulted in impact assessment to become a part of development activities and it has been necessary to assess strategies for selecting the best one. The implementation of sustainable development requires several support instruments of which the main one is environmental impact assessment which places more emphasis on access to sustainable forms in the development process. Recently, Regional Environmental Assessment (REA) has become known as an effective instrument in supporting the local sustainable development process. In this research, effort has been given to analyzing unsustainable socio-economic development patterns by applying REA in Sahand region.In addition some strategies have been created for localizing Agenda 21 and promoting sustainable and multi-sectoral development in this region. These results indicate that most environmental problems in the region are due to unsustainable socio-economic activities and too little attention being paid by the responsible institutions at the regional level. Hence, in order to minimize environmental problems and supporting the local sustainable development, not only is it necessary to propose development actions by considering the environmental parameters at the beginning of plans and policies, but we should also proceed to develop the necessary strategic actions in order to modify the causes of environmental problems due to unsustainable socio-economic development.
