Assessment of Flood Spreading Impact on Soil Physico-chemical Properties: A Case Study from Davudarshid, Kohdasht

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research, Semnan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Semnan, Iran

3 Department of Soil and Water Management Research, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Khorramabad, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: The small part of natural recharge from precipitation in the underground water table of the Kohdasht plain and at the same time the excessive dependence and uncontrolled exploitation of underground water has caused the artificial recharge of the aquifer to be considered as a solution to provide part of the water needs in this region. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of flood spreading on the improvement of physical and chemical properties of soil Davudarshid Kouhdasht floodwater spreading station.
Material and Methods: 28 samples were taken from the flood spreading area and 20 from the control area based on systematic-random method. The samples were taken from the depth of zero to 30 and 30-60 cm from the soil surface. Characteristics such as soil texture, percentage of sand, silt and clay, acidity (pH), electrical conductivity (EC) and also, from the characteristics of soil fertility and its main nutrients, cation exchange capacity (CEC), equivalent calcium carbonate percentage (CCE) , the percentage of organic carbon (OC), absorbable phosphorus (P), percentage of total nitrogen (N) and absorbable potassium (K) of the soil were measured. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis of the data of physical and chemical parameters inside and outside the field. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the changes of physical and chemical parameters in different areas of floodwater spreading due to flooding.
Results and Discussion: The results of the investigation using the t-test between the values of the parameters in the fields of floodwater spreading and the control show that there is a significant difference between the values of pH, sand percentage, clay percentage, P, EC and %N parameters in the soil depth of 0-30 cm. At the depth of 30-60 cm, there is a significant difference between the parameter values of EC, sand percentage, silt percentage, K and %N. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test between areas A, B and C (upstream, middle and downstream) of flood spreading show that there is a significant difference between the values of pH, P and %N , OC, silt percentage and clay percentage in the depth of 0-30 cm of the floodwater spreading areas. At the depth of 30-60 cm, there is no significant difference between the values of pH, OC, CEC and CCE at the depth of 30-60 cm in the soil of floodwater spreading areas. There is a significant difference at the level of 5% between the amount of EC, percentage of sand, percentage of OC, percentage of silt, P, %N and percentage of clay in the depth of 30-60 cm in floodwater spreading areas. There is a significant difference at the level of 1% between the values of the K parameter in the soil with a depth of 30-60 cm in different floodwater spreading areas.
Conclusion: With the construction of Davudarshid floodwater spreading, the physical and chemical properties of the soil have changed compared to the control area, and it has also been able to create suitable conditions to improve the vegetation due to the presence of more moisture and more fertile soil, which is the foundation for the future. Improving the quantity and quality of soil properties. Also, due to the fact that in the upstream of the floodwater spreading area, washing occurred more and in the downstream, the sedimentation of fine-grained elements was usually more, the quantity and quality of the soil properties in the downstream showed better conditions than the upstream of the Davudarshid floodwater spreading area.

Keywords

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Advanced Environmental Sciences
Volume 23, Issue 3
2025
Pages 753-766

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