تأثیر مداخله ‏ای دلبستگی مکانی بر رابطه دلبستگی اجتماعی و رفتارهای محیط ‏زیستی (مورد مطالعه: محله تجریش)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه برنامه ‏ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، پردیس دانشکده های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف:
دلبستگی به مکان ارتباط عاطفی با موقعیت مکانی یا چشم ‏اندازی خاص است که بطور معمول شامل عنصر­های جسمانی و اجتماعی می‏ باشد.  از دیدگاه Hummon، دلبستگی اجتماعی، بعنوان سرمایه ‏گذاری عاطفی در یک مکان تعریف شده است. امروزه مفاهیم محیط زیستی دارای مفاهیم اجتماعی هستند و بخش عمده ‏ای از باورها و رفتارهای محیط زیستی افراد تحت تاثیر نظام ‏های فرهنگی و اجتماعی، تغییر و تحول می ‏یابند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی رابطه میان دلبستگی اجتماعی و رفتارهای محیط زیستی، با توجه به نقش واسطه ‏ای دلبستگی مکان در میان ساکنان محله تجریش واقع در منطقه یک شهرداری تهران می‏ باشد.
مواد و روش ‏ها:
این مطالعه از نظر نحوه گردآوری اطلاعات، پیمایشی و  بلحاظ نوع، توصیفی- همبستگی می ‏باشد. بدین منظور نمونه ‏ای مشتمل بر 284 نفر از ساکنان محله تجریش که به روش نمونه ‏گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده بودند، به پرسشنامه‏ پژوهش که روایی و پایایی آن مورد تأیید قرار گرفته بود پاسخ دادند. داده‏ های پژوهش با استفاده از روش‏ های تحلیل همبستگی و مدل معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم ‏افزارهای SPSS21 و AMOS21 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
نتایج و بحث:
نتایج حاصل از ضرایب استاندارد مدل معاملات ساختاری نشان داد که متغییر دلبستگی اجتماعی، متغییر دلبستگی به مکان را بصورت مستقیم و مثبت پیش بینی می کند (β=0.65 و P-value<0.01) و متغییر دلبستگی به مکان نیز بطور مستقیم و مثبت متغییر رفتار محیط زیستی را می تواند پیش بینی کند (β=0.48 و P-value<0.01). در نهایت تاثیر دلبستگی اجتماعی بر رفتار محیط زیستی با دو نوع اثر مستقیم و غیر مستقیم همراه بود. به این صورت که متغییر دلبستگی اجتماعی هم به صورت مستقیم و بی واسطه (β=0.41 و P-value<0.01) و هم بصورت غیر مستقیم و از طریق نقش واسطه ای دلبستگی به مکان (  β=0.31 و P-value<0.01) بر رفتار محیط زیستی تاثیر گذار است. برا ی ارزیابی برازندگی مدل در این پژوهش از هشت سنجه اصلی برازش استفاده گردید. در این مطالعه سنجه نسبت کای اسکوار به درجه آزادی (CMIN/Df) 1.375 برآورد شد که از وضعیت قابل قبول برای مدل حکایت دارد. سنجه ریشه دوم میانگین مربعات باقیمانده (RMSEA) نیز با میزان 0.036 نشان داد که مدل تدوین شده در پژوهش حاضر مورد تایید می باشد.
نتیجه گیری:
حس دلبستگی مکتنی بعنوان عامل مداخله اب میان دلبستگی اجتماعی و رفتارهای محیط زیستی، اهمیت ارتباط مکان را برای حمایت از ترکیب ارتباطات اجتماعی مورد تاکید قرار می دهد و دلبستگی به مکان می تواند بعنوان یک مولفه حیاتی در پرورش شهروندان فعال در حفاظت از محیط زیست در نظر گرفته شود. این احساس را می توان از طریق تجارب مستقیم با مکان ها، بویژه تجارب بلند مدت، مکرر و مثبت و نیز یادگیری در مورد مکان ها از طریق منبع های غیر مستقیم به جای تماس ایجاد نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Intervened effect of place attachment on the relationship between community attachment and environmental behaviors (case study: Tajrish neighborhood)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atousa Soleimani
  • Ahmad Nohegar
Department of Environmental Education, Management and Planning, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction:
Place attachment is an emotional connection to a specific location or perspective where usually includes physical and social elements (Devine-Wright, 2013). From Hummon's point of view, the community attachment is defined as an emotional investment in one place (Buta et al., 2014). Today, environmental concepts deeply have social implications, and a large part of the people’s environmental beliefs and behaviors changes under the influence of cultural and social systems (Kalantari et al., 2016). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between community attachment and environmental behaviors considering the role of mediating attachment of the place among residents of Tajrish neighbourhood located in the district One of Tehran.
Material and methods:
The present research was a descriptive, analytical-correlational survey. A sample of 284 was selected from inhabitants of Tajrish neighbourhood based on random sampling method. The participants were asked to fill out the research questionnaire whose reliability and validity were confirmed. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using the correlation analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS-21 and AMOS-21.
Results and discussion:
The results of standard coefficients obtained from structural equation modeling showed that community attachment can directly and positively predict place attachment (p < 0.01, β=0.65) and place attachment also can directly and positively predict pro-environmental civic participation (p < 0.01, β=0.48). Finally, the study findings revealed that community attachment affects pro-environmental civic participation both directly (p < 0.01, β=0.41) and indirectly, through the mediating role of place attachment, (p < 0.01, β=0.31). In order to assess the fitness of the model, in this research, fit indices from eight main indicators were utilized. In this study, the relative Chi-square, (CMIN/Df) was estimated at 1.375, indicating the acceptable condition of the model. The Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) of 0.036 also demonstrated the validity of the model developed in this study. The GFI and AGFI indices, absolute fit indices, should be in the range of zero to one, and values greater than 0.9 for the GFI index and 0.85 for the AGFI index indicate the optimal fit of the model. In the model measured in the present study, the value of 0.990 for the GFI index and 0.965 for the AGFI index showed a highly favorable fit of the model. For the Increasing Fitting Index (IFI), the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), values greater than 0.9 represent the ideal fit of the model. IFI, TLI, and CFI were, respectively, 0.996, 0.990, and 0.996 in this study. The (Bentler-Bonett) Normed Fit Index (NFI) is based on the correlation between the present variables in the model in a way that the coefficients of correlation between them would lead to high values of the adaptive fit index. The acceptable value of this index should be greater than 0.9 which was obtained in the present study and is an indication of the confirmation of the research model.
Conclusions:
The present study demonstrated that community attachment has a direct and significant effect on the place attachment and the environmental behavior. On the other hand, community attachment indirectly affects the creation of environmental behaviors in citizens through involving the sense of attachment to the .place; hence, place attachment is considered as an intermediary factor in creating environmentalist behaviors

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sense of place
  • Place attachment
  • Community attachment
  • Environmental behavior
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