آزادسازی تجارت ، شوک‌های نفتی و کیفیت محیط زیست: با کاربرد کشورهای صادرکننده و واردکننده نفت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف:
در این پژوهش با توجه به نقش محیط‌زیست و تجارت آزاد در دست‌یابی به رشد و توسعه پایدار، اثر آزادسازی تجاری بر کیفیت محیط زیست بررسی شده است. آزادسازی تجاری به‌طور ساده عبارت از حذف (کاهش) موانع تجاری در تجارت بین‌الملل است. از طرف دیگر نفت به‌عنوان یک نهاده تولیدی اثری مستقیم بر قیمت کالاها و خدمات داشته و بر جریان تجارت اثرگذار خواهد بود و یکی از عوامل موثر بر آلودگی هوا در کشورهای صادرکننده و واردکننده نفت است. از آنجا که نفت در بررسی مسائل مرتبط با محیط زیست، اهمیت دارد. در این مقاله اثر شوک‌های قیمت نفت نیز بر کیفیت محیط‌زیست در نظر گرفته شده است.
مواد و روش‌ها:
برای دست‌یابی به این هدف از روش داده‌های ترکیبی استفاده می‌شود. نمونه مورد بررسی شامل کشورهای صادرکننده و وارد‌کننده نفت است که داده‌های مرتبط با آنها برای سال‌های 2013-1980 جمع‌آوری شده است.
نتایج وبحث:
نتایج نشان می‌دهد که شوک‌های نفتی و آزادسازی تجارت هر دو اثر معنی‌داری بر آلودگی محیط زیست دارند و میزان دی‌اکسید کربن موجود در هوا را کاهش خواهند داد.
نتیجه‌گیری:
کشورها می‌توانند با دست‌یابی به تجارت آزاد علاوه بر توسعه پایدار، کیفیت محیط زیست را بهبود دهند. با توجه به اینکه اکثر شوک‌ها منجر به افزایش قیمت نفت شده است، بنابراین کشورها با کم کردن مصرف آن و جایگزینی انرژی‌های پاک می‌توانند آلودگی محیط زیست را کاهش دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Trade liberalization, oil shocks and environmental quality: The case study of oil exporting and importing countries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Komail Tayebi
  • Fariba Sadat Aghili
  • Leila Allahdadian
Department of Economics, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction:
Given the role of the environment and free trade to achieve sustainable development in recent years, in this study, we survey the effect of trade liberalization on the quality of the environment. In simple words, the removal or reduction of trade barriers in international trade is trade liberalization. On the other hand, oil as a factor has a direct impact on the prices of goods and services and the trade flow, and is one of the factors affecting on air pollution the oil exporting and importing countries. Because oil is important in environment-related issues, this paper studied the effect of oil price shocks on the quality of the environment.
Materials and methods:
To achieve this goal, we used panel data methods and collected data for 1980-2013.
 Results and discussion:
The results show that both trade liberalization and oil shocks have a significant and negative effect on environmental pollution and carbon dioxide levels in the air.
Conclusion:
Countries can achieve the high quality of the environment and sustainable development by trade liberalization. Given that most shocks led to increase oil prices, so countries with low consumption and alternative clean energy can reduce environmental pollution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Oil exporting and importing countries
  • Oil shocks
  • Pollution
  • Trade liberalization
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