حذف رنگ های کاتیونی از نمونه های آبی با پلیمر صمغ عربی مغناطیسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه شیمی تجزیه و شیمی فیزیک، دانشکده علوم شیمی و نفت، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: بیش از 75 درصد از سطح زمین با آب پوشیده شده است، اما تنها سه درصد آن آب شیرین است و از این مقدار یک درصد برای استفاده مردم در دسترس می­باشد. اخیراً توجه زیادی به حذف رنگ­ ها از پساب جهت کنترل آلودگی آب معطوف شده است. جذب سطحی به دلیل امکان­پذیری اقتصادی و گزینش ­پذیری عالی، یکی از محبوب ­ترین تکنیک ­ها برای تصفیه رنگ ­های آلی است. به همین دلیل ساخت جاذب­ های سبز با کارایی بالا امروزه بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته است.
مواد و روش ­ها: در این کار پژوهشی از صمغ عربی بعنوان یک پلیمر طبیعی برای تهیه جاذب استفاده شده است. به ‌منظور افزایش مساحت سطح و استحکام این جاذب طبیعی و همچنین کاهش حلالیت آن در آب و یا بعبارتی نامحلول سازی آن در آب، اسید سیتربک بعنوان اتصال دهنده عرضی مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. علاوه بر این، پلیمر سنتز شده با نانوذرات آهن مغناطیسی شد تا بازیابی آن از محیط را با اعمال میدان مغناطیسی آسان کند. در نهایت جاذب تهیه شده برای حذف رنگ­ های کاتیونی کریستال ویولت، مالاشیت سبز و متیلن آبی از نمونه ­های آبی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت.
نتایج و بحث: در این مطالعه، اثر پارامترهای مختلف از جمله، pH محلول، مدت زمان تماس جاذب با محلول رنگ، مقدار جاذب و دمای محلول رنگی نیز بر راندمان حذف مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. با توجه به نتایج حاصل، ظرفیت جذب جاذب (CL-GA / Fe3O4) با افزایش غلظت رنگ ­ها افزایش پیدا کرد و به ترتیب به سطوح ماکزیمم خود یعنی 80/209، 12/205 و 12/177 میلی‌گرم در گرم جاذب برای متیلن آبی، کریستال ویولت و مالاشیت سبز رسید. همچنین، راندمان حذف برای این رنگ‌ها با افزایش pH محلول نمونه افزایش یافت و به 43/99 درصد برای متیلن آبی، 13/97 درصد برای مالاشیت سبز و 62/96 درصد برای کریستال ویولت در pH معادل شش رسید. علاوه بر این، با افزایش دمای جذب، راندمان حذف رنگ ها افزایش یافت. لازم به ذکر است که در این تحقیق، پس از 20 دقیقه، هر دو رنگ متیلن آبی و مالاشیت سبز به حداکثر میزان حذف خود رسیدند. در مقابل، کریستال ویولت به حداکثر میزان حذف خود در یک بازه زمانی 15 دقیقه ای رسید. در این بررسی مشاهده گردید که مدل لانگمویر در مقایسه با مدل فروندلیچ، تناسب قابل‌توجهی نسبت به داده‌های جذب نشان می‌دهد. همچنین در این مطالعه مشخص گردید که داده‌های سینتیکی جذب بدست‌آمده با مدل شبه مرتبه دوم مطابقت دارد.
نتیجه ­گیری: در این تحقیق، از جاذب پلیمری صمغ عربی مغناطیسی (CL-GA / Fe3O4) بعنوان یک نانو جاذب نوین برای حذف رنگ‌های کاتیونی استفاده شد. در این مسیر، از روش‌های متنوعی ازجمله FT-IR، FESEM، EDX و VSM برای مشخصه یابی جاذب
 (CL-GA / Fe3O4) استفاده شد. این جاذب با راندمان بسیار بالایی رنگ ­های مورد نظر را حذف کرد. اتصال عرضی صمغ عربی با اسید استیک نه تنها باعث کاهش حلالیت صمغ در نمونه ­های آبی شد بلکه با ایجاد گروه ­های کربوکسیل امکان حضور بارهای منفی در سطح جاذب را فراهم کرد و بدین طریق با ایجاد برهمکنش ­های الکتروستاتیک نقش مهمی را در فرایند جذب ایفا کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Removal of Cationic Dyes from Aqueous Samples Using Magnetic Gum Arabic Polymer

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amirhossein Farsijani
  • Saeed Nojavan
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The Earth's surface is covered by 75% water. However, only 3% of this water is freshwater, and just 1% of that freshwater is accessible for human consumption. In most instances, humans are responsible for introducing pollutants into water. Dyes are among the most significant pollutants found in textile wastewater. As a result of its economic feasibility and high selectivity, adsorption has gained widespread popularity as a technique for treating organic dyes. In this research, a novel magnetic adsorbent was developed and utilized to remove certain toxic dyes.
Material and Methods: In this research, Gum Arabic has been utilized as a natural and biodegradable polymer for the preparation of an effective adsorbent. To enhance the surface area, efficiency and stability of this natural polymeric adsorbent, citric acid has been employed as a green crosslinker. According to our findings, ,Gum Arabic has been polymerized for the first time with citric acid as a crosslinker and utilized for the removal of cationic dyes. Additionally, a crosslinked Gum Arabic polymer synthesized using citric acid has been incorporated with magnetite nanoparticles, ensuring its facile recovery from the medium upon application of a magnetic field. Furthermore, the prepared magnetic Gum Arabic was employed for the removal of Crystal Violet (CV), Malachite Green (MG), and Methylene Blue (MB) dyes from aqueous samples.
Results and Discussion: In this study, the impact of various parameters, including initial dye solution concentration, solution pH, contact time between the adsorbent and the dye solution, adsorbent dosage, and dye solution temperature, on the removal efficiency of   cationic dyes from aqueous samples was investigated. According to the results, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent (CL-GA/Fe3O4) increased with increasing dye solution concentration, reaching maximum levels of 209.80, 205.12, and 177.12 mg/g for MB, CV, and MG, respectively. Additionally, the removal efficiency for these dyes increased with increasing solution pH, reaching 99.43% (MB), 97.13% (MG), and 96.62% (CV) at a pH of 6. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of dyes increased with increasing adsorption temperature, indicating an endothermic process. It is noteworthy that in this study, both MB and MG dyes reached their maximum removal efficiency after 20 min. In contrast, CV reached its maximum removal efficiency within a 15-min time frame. In this investigation, the Langmuir model showed a significantly better fit to the adsorption data compared to the Freundlich model, indicating its accuracy in describing monolayer adsorption. Additionally, this study revealed that the obtained adsorption kinetic data fit well with the pseudo-second-order model. This suggests that chemisorption likely plays a significant role in the rate-limiting step of the adsorption process.
Conclusion: In this research, a novel nano adsorbent (CL-GA/Fe3O4) based on crosslinked Gum Arabic with citric acid and magnetized with Fe3O4 nanoparticles was employed for the removal of cationic dyes. To validate the effectiveness of the (CL-GA/Fe3O4) adsorbent, various characterization techniques, including FT-IR, FESEM, EDX, Zeta potential, and VSM, were employed. The findings of this study demonstrate the development of an innovative and efficient adsorbent for dye removal, which holds significant importance in addressing environmental challenges.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adsorption
  • Gum Arabic
  • Isotherm models
  • Adsorption kinetics
  • Dye pollutants

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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 22، شماره 3
1403
صفحه 537-556

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