اندازه‏گیری و پهنه‏بندی آلودگی فلزات‏سنگین در خاک با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی اراضی جنوب شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : Original Articles

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه آلاینده های محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ، علوم و تحقیقات یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد

2 دانشیار گروه آگرواکولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران

3 استادیار گروه آگرواکولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد خرم آباد

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف اندازه‏گیری و پهنه‏بندی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاک زمینهای کشاورزی جنوب شهر تهران به مساحت 1500 هکتار انجام شد. در این مطالعه در 64 نقطه تعداد 128 نمونه خاک به روش سیستماتیک-تصادفی از دو عمق صفر تا 30 و 60-30 سانتی‌متری برداشت شد و غلظت پنج عنصر کادمیم، کروم، نیکل، سرب و روی اندازه‌گیری گردید. همچنین پارامترهایی مانند pH، EC و فسفات نیز اندازه‏گیری شد. نقشه‏های پهنه‏بندی با روش وزن‏ دهی عکس فاصله تهیه گردید. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که غلظت عناصر سنگین به جز نیکل در عمق اول بیشتر از غلظت آنها در عمق دوم است. نقشه‏های پهنه‏بندی نشان داد که کادمیم، کروم، سرب و روی در نواحی شمالی و نیکل در نواحی جنوبی منطقه غلظت بیشتری دارند. مقایسه نتایج به دست آمده با استانداردهای آلودگی منابع خاک ایران نشان داد که در برخی از نواحی منطقه در دو عمق نمونه برداری شده عناصر کروم، نیکل و روی از میزان استاندارد تخطی داشتند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Measuring and Zoning of Heavy Metals Pollution in Soil Using GIS for Fields to the South of Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Malihe Jamali, 1
  • Korous Khoshbakht, 2
  • Reza Deihimfard 3
  • Reza Momeni Vesalian 4
1 M.Sc. Student of Environmental Pollution, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yazd Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agroecology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agroecology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad Branch, Iran
چکیده [English]

South lands of Tehran are the main source of agricultural productions in which some kinds of vegetables, legumes, cereals and other crops are growing. This research measured and zoned heavy metal soil pollutionin 1500 ha of these cultivated fields south of the city of Tehran in Iran. In this study, 128 samples were collected using the systematic-random method from 64 areas at depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm and the concentrations of cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead and zinc were measured. The parameters of pH, electrical conductivity, and phosphate were also recorded. Zoning maps were developed using the inverse distance weighted method. The results showed that concentrations of heavy metals, with the exception ofnickel, were higher at the shallower depth than at the lower depth. The zoning map shows that cadmium, chromium, lead and zinc occurred in greater concentrations in the northern areas and nickel in the southern areas. A comparison of these results with Iranian soil resource pollution standards indicates that the levels of chromium, nickel and zinc exceeded the standards in some parts of the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords:Heavy metals
  • Soil pollution
  • Cultivated fields
  • Pollution zoning

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