استفاده از کشت مخلوط برای پالایش گیاهی خاک‌های آلوده به کادمیوم در حضور کی‌لیت‌های طبیعی و مصنوعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کوتاه

نویسندگان

دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

آلودگی خاک از چالش‌های مهم عصر کنونی است.یکی از روش‌های آلودگی‌زدایی خاک، روش پالایش گیاهی است. استفاده از عوامل کی‌لیت کننده در خاک می‌تواند کارآیی این روش را افزایش دهد. تا‌کنون از روش کشت مخلوط برای بررسی روش گیاه‌پالایی خاک‌های آلوده به فلزات سنگین استفاده نشده است. هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی توانایی گیاه پالایی دو گیاه شاهی و تربچه، به صورت کشت مخلوط، در حضور دو نوع کی‌لیت طبیعی و مصنوعی در خاک‌های آلوده به کادمیوم بود. بدین منظور آزمایشی فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 20 تیمار و سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور‌های آزمایشی شامل کادمیوم درپنج سطح (0،3،10،25،50 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک از منبع نیترات کادمیوم)، کی‌لیت‌های اتیلن دی آمین تترا استیک اسید 1EDTA و نیتریلو تری استیک اسید 2NTA در دو غلظت 1 و 5/2 میلی‌مول بر کیلوگرم خاک بود. نتایج نشان داد پتانسیل استخراج سبز کادمیوم از خاک در کشت مخلوط بیشتر از روش تک‌کشتی است به‌گونه‌ای که پتانسیل استخراج سبز کادمیوم از خاک در تیمار کی‌لیت EDTA2.5 در 3Cd50 گیاه تربچه و شاهی در کشت مخلوط به ترتیب 7/7 و 7/5 و در روش تک‌کشت 4/5 و 4 کیلوگرم کادمیوم در هکتار ­است. هم‎چنین،پتانسیل استخراج سبز کادمیوم از خاک توسط تربچه بیش از شاهی بود. نتایج هم‎چنین نشان داد که کی‌لیت EDTA در مقایسه با NTA در استخراج سبز کادمیوم از خاک موثرتر بوده و انتقال کادمیوم از ریشه به شاخساره در حضور کی‌لیت EDTA بیشتر از  NTAاست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Applying Multicropping System to Phytoremediate Cadmium Contaminated Soils by Using Natural and Synthetic Chelates

نویسندگان [English]

  • Donya Mottaghi
  • Mehdi Homaee
  • Rasoul Rahnemaie
Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Soil contamination is one of the most recent and important environmental challenges worldwide. The so-called phytoremediation is one of the reclamation technologies used to decontaminate polluted soils. Application of some chelate agents can increase the efficiency of phytoremediation. However, this technology has not been evaluated for decontamination of heavy metals under multicropping system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytoremediation capability of cress and radish, as a mixed-culture by using some natural and synthetic chelates in Cd-contaminated soils. Consequently, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 20 treatments and three replications was conducted. The experimental factors were consisted of five levels of cadmium (0, 3, 10, 25, 50 mg Cd kg-1 soil, added as Cd(NO3)2, EDTA and NTA chelates, and chelate concentrations of 1 and 2.5 mmol kg-1 soil. Results indicated that the Cd phytoextraction potential in multicropping culture is higher than the single-cropping system. Phytoextraction of cadmium from contaminated soils for both cress and radish plants, in EDTA2.5 and Cd50 treatments was 7.7 and 5.7 kg Cd ha-1 in multicropping system and was 4 and 5.4 kg Cd ha-1 in the single-cropping system. Furthermore, radish could phytoextract more cadmium than cress from the contaminated soils. The results further indicated that EDTA could enhance more Cd phytoextraction than NTA and can better assist to transfer cadmium from roots to shoots.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cadmium
  • Chelate
  • Cress
  • Multicropping
  • Phytoremediation
  • Radish

مراجع

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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 13، شماره 2
تیر 1394
صفحه 75-88

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