الگوی تجارت آب مجازی در فعالیت های اقتصادی استان گیلان: کاربرد جدول داده – ستانده گسترش یافته

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و سیاسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران

2 دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و سیاسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران

چکیده

یکی از دیدگاه های نوین در مدیریت منابع آب، توجه به اصـــل مزیت نسبی و تجارت آب مجازی است. در واقع این نگاه وجود دارد که می توان یک تخصــص منطقه ای بر اســاس منابع آب در نظر گرفت و مناطقی که کم آب هسـتند واردکننده محصـولات آب بر باشـند و این محصـولات در مناطق پرآب تولید شود و یا اینکه از کشورهای دیگر وارد شود. در این پژوهش این دیدگاه برای ا ستان گیلان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در واقع، ســؤال پژوهش این اســت که الگوی تجارت آب مجازی در این اســتان چگونه اســت؟ برای پاســخ به این ســؤال، از ابزار جدول داده- ســتانده  گسترش یافته ا ستفاده شد. بر این اساس، میزان آب مصرفی مستقیم و کل، به تفکیک 40 ر شته فعالیت اقت صادی در سطح استان مورد برر سی قرار گرفت. نتایج ن شان داد که استان گیلان به ترتیب با خالص صادرات636  و 811 میلیون متر مکعب آب در سطح کل فعالیت های اقتصادی و بخش کشاورزی، صادرکننده خالص آب مجازی  بوده ا ست. این در حالی است که این استان در بخش صنعت واردکننده خالص آب مجازی بوده اســت. بر اســاس یافتهها و اطلاعات به دســت آمده در این پژوهش، این امکان وجود دارد که با تغییر در ترکیب فعالیت های اقتصـــادی (افزایش ســهم رشــته فعالیت های دارای ارزش افزوده بالا و کاهش ســهم رشــته فعالیت های دارای شدت بالای استفاده از آب)، بتوان ارزش افزوده استان گیلان را در سطح فعلی حفظ کرده و در عین حال تراز تجاری آب استان را بهبود داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Pattern of Virtual Water Trade in the Economic Activities of Guilan Province: Application of an Extended Input-Output Table

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Tahamipour 1
  • Abas Salah 2
  • Abbas Arabmazar 1
1 Department of Economics and Political science,Faculty of Economics, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran
2 Faculty of Economics, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran
چکیده [English]

One of the new approaches in the management of water resources is according to the principle of comparative advantage and trade in virtual water. This is based on the view that it can be considered a specialty area in which the water products and the products produced in wet areas, or imported from other countries, enter areas that are less water. In this study, the approach in Gilan Province has been studied. On this basis, the central question of this study would be what form the trade model of virtual water in this province takes and, in order to answer this question, an extended input-output table was used. Accordingly, the direct and total water consumption for 40 activities at the provincial level has been considered. The results showed that Guilan Province, with net exports of 636 and 811 million cubic meters of water at the level of economic activity and agriculture, respectively, has been a net exporter of virtual water, while the province's industries and mines have been net importers of virtual water. Based on the information obtained in this study, it is possible through a change in the composition of economic activity (to increase the proportion of activities with high added value and reduce the share of activities with the highest intensity of water use) to hold the added value of Guilan Province and establish an improved trade balance for water.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Resources
  • virtual water
  • Economic Activity
  • Input-output Table
  • Guilan Province
  • Iran

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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 13، شماره 3
مهر 1394
صفحه 35-50

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