بررسی پراکنش گونه Dactylis glomerata در مرتع های شهرستان تکاب (مطالعه موردی مرتع های گولون)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف:
تعیین پاسخ گونه ­های گیاهی به عامل­ های محیطی از هدف ­های مهم تجزیه و تحلیل جوامع گیاهی می ­باشد.  هدف تحقیق حاضر، بررسی مهمترین عامل ­های محیطی موثر بر حضور گونه ­ D. glomerataدر مرتع­ های شهرستان تکاب می ­باشد.
مواد و روش­ ها:
 در این مطالعه، 84  پلات 1 متر مربعی درامتداد آزیموت منطقه مورد مطالعه با روش سیستماتیک _ تصادفی برداشت شد. در هر پلات حضور  گونه ثبت و یک نمونه خاک از عمق صفر تا بیست سانتی‌متر برداشت شد. در آزمایشگاه، برخی ویژگی­ های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک شامل  بافت، اسیدیته، هدایت الکتریکی، درصدکربن آلی و ازت کل، تعیین گردید. بمنظور برازش منحنی پاسخ گونه نسبت به گرادیان­ های محیطی ازتوزیع دوجمله­ ای تابع (Huisman–Olff–Fresco ) HOF استفاده شد.  
نتایج و بحث:
نتایج نشان داد که متغیر ارتفاع از سطح ‌دریا  مهم ترین متغیر محیطی در پراکنش گونه D. glomerata است. میزان بهینه اکولوژیکی نسبت به ارتفاع  برای  گونه D. glomerata، برابر با 2100 متر می ­باشد.  بعد از متغیر ارتفاع از سطح دریا، درصد شیب، درصد کربن آلی، درصدازت کل  و میزان رطوبت خاک تاثیر بیشتری بر پراکنش گونه D. glomerata دارند.
نتیجه ­گیری:
بطور کلی گونه  D. glomerata در منطقه ­های کوهستانی دارای شیب کمتر و ماده آلی و رطوبت خاک بیشتر، حضور بیشتر و پراکنش بهتری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Distribution of Dactylis glomerata in rangelands of Takab City (case study: Golun rangelands)

نویسندگان [English]

  • َAmin Mahmoodian Chooplu
  • Hamid Niknahad
Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Gorgan University, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

 Introduction:
Determining the response of plant species to environmental gradients is an important issue in the analyses of vegetation communities. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the most important environmental factors shaping the occurrence of Dactylis glomerata in Takab rangelands.
Material and methods:
Eighty four plots (1m2) were placed random-systematically along the azimuth of the studied area. In each plot, the presence of the species was recorded and one soil sample at the depth of 0–20 cm was collected. Some soil physical and chemical properties including soil moisture, texture, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon percentage, and the percentage of total nitrogen were measured in the laboratory. Data analysis was performed by Rver.3.0.2 statistical software. The binomial distribution of the Huisman – Olff - Fresco (HOF) function was used to fit the curve of species response to environmental gradients.
Results and discussion:
The results demonstrated that the altitude variable is the most important environmental factor affecting D. glomerata distribution. Moreover, the optimal ecological amount of this variable for D. glomerata is 2100 m above sea level. After altitude, slope (%), soil organic carbon (%), soil total nitrogen (%), and soil moisture content were the most effective factors on the distribution of D. glomerata.
Conclusion :
In general, D. glomerata was more distributed in the lower slope of mountainous areas with high soil organic matter and moisture content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aَََltitude
  • Ecological range
  • Environmental variables
  • Optimum amount

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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 17، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 107-120

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