بررسی میزان اثربخشی روش شستشوی کنده‌های حفاری روی میزان آلایندگی عناصر سنگین و هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ای با مطالعه موردی در چاه شماره B میدان نفتی آزادگان جنوبیی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زمین شناسی کاربردی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه محیط زیست انسانی، دانشکده محیط زیست، کرج، ایران

3 شرکت سیالات حفاری پارس، تهران، ایران

4 گروه پژوهشی مهندسی محیط زیست و پایش آلاینده ها، پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: فرآیند استخراج و بهره برداری از منابع نفت و گار به چرخه تولید، ارسال و بازیافت گل حفاری یا سیال حفاری نیاز دارد، بنابراین رسیدن به ترکیب مناسب گل حفاری و بازیافت مجدد آن به ­عنوان یک امر مهم و اساسی در صنعت نفت و محیط زیست به شمار می­رود. که بدین منظور به­ طور معمول از روش ­های مدیریت پسماند استفاده می­شود.
مواد و روش ها: در این تحقیق سعی شده است که یک روش جایگزین به جای روش مرسوم و متداول تثبیت/جامدسازی به ­عنوان فرآیند مدیریت پسماند حفاری انتخاب شود که از لحاظ محیط زیستی و همچنین از لحاظ اقتصادی به صرفه باشد. به­ طور کلی 80 نمونه گرفته شد که از چهار بخش کنده شسته شده (سازند)، کنده به همراه سیال حفاری (گل برگشتی به سطح) و نمونه کنده تثبیت شده با سیمان (1:12) و نمونه کنده تثبیت شده با سیمان (1:12) و سدیم سیلیکات (1:400) تشکیل شده است.
 نتایج و بحث: نمونه­ های تهیه شده در انواع مختلف شسته شده، همراه سیال حفاری، تثبیت شده، با سیمان و تثبیت شده با سیمان و سدیم سیلیکات به­ منظور ارزیابی میزان غلظت فلزهای سنگین، هیدروکربن­ های آروماتیک چند حلقه ­ای و همچنین شوری مورد آزمایش قرار داده شد. غلظت فلزهای سنگین در نمونه ­ها نشان داد که به هیچ نوع فرآیند مدیریت پسماند برای کنترل یا کاهش فلزهای موجود در نمونه ها نیازی نیست اما شوری و هیدروکربن­ها در عمق 1800 متر و بیشتر نیاز به تصفیه دارند.
نتیجه­ گیری: جمع بندی نتایج آنالیزها نشان می­ دهد که فرآیند شستشو از لحاظ محیط زیستی نسبت به روش مرسوم تثبیت/جامدسازی نیز بهتر می ­باشد زیرا آلودگی ­ها از روی کنده حفاری پاک شده است که در نتیجه محصول نهایی این فرآیند قابل استفاده خواهد شد، اما در روش تثبیت/جامدسازی، آلاینده­ ها تصفیه نشده و فقط بدون حرکت می­شوند. بنابراین فرآیند شستشو توانسته است عامل آلودگی را به خوبی از روی کنده­های حفاری پاک کند، به ­طوریکه نمونه ­های شسته شده تا پایان عملیات حفاری استاندارد خاک ایران را رعایت نموده ­اند.



 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effect of drilling mud-cutting on the contamination level of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (case study: Well B of Azadegan South Oil Field)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Sarkheil 1
  • Meisam Fathi Nooran 2
  • Mojtaba Kalhor 3
  • Yousef Azimi 4
  • Mohammad Talaeian Araghi 2
1 Department of Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Human Environment, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran
3 Pars Drilling Fluids Company, Tehran, Iran
4 Environmental Engineering and Pollutant Monitoring Research Group, Environment and Sustainable Development Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction:
The process of extracting and exploiting oil and gas resources requires a cycle of production, delivery, and recycling of drilling mud or drilling fluid to achieve the right composition of drilling mud and recycling it as a fundamental issue in the oil industry and also, the environment. For this purpose, waste management methods are usually used.
Material and methods:
In this study, an alternative method was chosen instead of the conventional method of stabilization/solidification as a drilling waste management process that is environmentally and economically viable. A total of 80 samples were taken from four types of samples taken from nine levels in an oil well in the south Azadegan field, including mud-cutting mixture, washed cutting, fixed mud-cutting mixture by cement (1:12 portion), and fixed mud-cutting mixture by cement and silica (1:12 and 1:400 portion).
 Results and discussion:
Samples were prepared in different types of washed, with drilling fluid, stabilized, with cement, and stabilized with cement and sodium silicate to assess the concentration of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as well as the salinity. The concentration of heavy metals in the samples showed that no waste management process is required to control or reduce the metals in the samples, but salinity and PAHs require treatment at a depth of 1800 m and more.
Conclusion:
Summarizing the results of the analyzes showed that the washing process is better from the environmental point of view than the conventional method of stabilization/solidification because the contaminants have been removed from the drill bit, which will be utilized as the final product of this process. However, in the stabilization/solidification method, the pollutants are not purified. Therefore, the washing process was able to remove the contaminant from the excavation wells, so that the washed samples were according to the standard soil of Iran until the end of the standard drilling operation.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Waste management
  • Drilling fluid
  • Stabilization/Solidification
  • Heavy metals
  • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 19، شماره 2
تیر 1400
صفحه 111-126

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