شناسایی نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت‌ و تهدید‌ و ارائه راهبردهای مدیریتی طرح‌های بهره‌برداری و ممنوعیت بهره‌برداری چوبی جنگل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: در سال ­های اخیر از مهمترین چالش­ ها در مدیریت جنگل­ های هیرکانی، ادامه روند بهره ­برداری جنگل­ های هیرکانی و عدم اجرای ممنوعیت بهره ­برداری (تنفس جنگل) است؛ بنابراین هدف از انجام این پژوهش، شناسایی نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت و تهدید طرح ­های بهره ­برداری و ممنوعیت بهره ­برداری جنگل از دیدگاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی و ارائه راهبردهای مدیریتی مناسب در این زمینه و اولویت­ بندی آن­ها به ­عنوان ابزاری برای کاهش این چالش ­ها می­ باشد.
مواد و روش ­ها: در این مطالعه جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از تکنیک­ های Entropy و SWOT بهره گرفته شد. جهت گردآوری اطلاعات مورد نیاز برای انجام پژوهش، از روش پیمایش، مطالعات میدانی و تکمیل پرسشنامه استفاده شد. گروه متخصصان پژوهش متشکل از کارشناسان، اعضای هیأت علمی متخصص در زمینه جنگلداری و جوامع روستایی حاشیه جنگل­ های تحت مدیریت بوده است.
نتایج و بحث: براساس نتایج پژوهش، 4 قوت، 6 ضعف، 8 فرصت و 2 تهدید برای بهره ­برداری جنگل و 2 قوت، 9 ضعف، 4 فرصت و 8 تهدید برای ممنوعیت بهره ­برداری جنگل شناسایی شده است. براساس نتایج ماتریس SWOT، مهمترین قوت و فرصت بهره ­برداری جنگل منطقه شامل: کاهش قاچاق چوب و تأمین نیازهای چوبی کشور و مهمترین ضعف و تهدید آن به ­ترتیب شامل: هزینه ­های بهره‌برداری و نارضایتی دوستداران طبیعت بوده است. همچنین مهمترین قوت و فرصت ممنوعیت بهره ­برداری جنگل شامل افزایش ارزش اقتصادی خدمات محیط ­زیستی جنگل­ ها و گرایش به سمت زراعت چوب و مهمترین ضعف و تهدید آن به ­ترتیب کاهش اشتغال و افزایش قاچاق چوب بوده است. مناسب ­ترین راهبردها برای بهره ­برداری و ممنوعیت بهره ­برداری جنگل به ترتیب راهبرد تهاجمی و راهبرد تدافعی تعیین شد.
نتیجه ­گیری: با توجه به نتایج داده ­های مرتبط با بهره­ برداری و ممنوعیت بهره ­برداری جنگل (تنفس جنگل) جنگل­ های منطقه مورد مطالعه و براساس تحلیل نتایج ماتریس QSPM، مناسب ­ترین راهبرد مدیریتی برای بهره ­برداری و ممنوعیت بهره ­برداری جنگل منطقه از دیدگاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی به ­ترتیب راهبرد تهاجمی و راهبرد تدافعی می ­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and offering management strategies for forest logging and forest logging ban

نویسندگان [English]

  • somayeh Shirzadi Laskookalayeh 1
  • Hamid Amirnejad 1
  • Sare Hosseini 2
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University Sari, Sari, Iran
2 Department of Forest Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University Sari, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: In recent years, one of the most important challenges in the management of Hyrcanian forests is the continuation of the process of forests logging or its logging ban (forest respiration). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of logging plans and forest logging ban from an economic and social perspective and to provide appropriate management strategies in this field and prioritize them as a tool to reduce these challenges.
Material and methods: The study was conducted in Mazandaran Province (Sari City) using field observations and questionnaire completion. The statistical sample of the study consisted of experts and faculty members specialized in the forestry field and rural communities on the margins of forests. In this study, entropy and SWOT techniques were used for data analysis.
Results and discussion: The results of the study identified 4 strengths, 6 weaknesses, 8 opportunities and 2 threats for forest logging and 2 strengths, 9 weaknesses, 4 opportunities and 8 threats for forest logging ban. According to the SWOT matrix results, the most important strengths and opportunities for forest logging included reducing wood smuggling and meeting the country's wood needs, and the most important weakness and threats included logging costs and nature lovers' dissatisfaction, respectively. Also, the most important strengths and opportunities of the forest logging ban include increasing the economic value of forest environmental services and the tendency towards wood cultivation, and its most important weaknesses and threats were the reduction of employment and the increase of wood smuggling, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the results of data related forest logging and forest logging ban (forest respiration) of the forests of the study area and based on analysis of QSPM matrix results, most appropriate management strategy for forest logging and forest logging ban was an offensive strategy and a defensive strategy, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Forest logging
  • Hyrcanian forests
  • Quantitative strategic planning matrix
  • Threat
  • -Opportunities- Strengths and weaknesses

مراجع

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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 20، شماره 2
1401
صفحه 135-154

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