تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی سازمان ‏های فعال در احیای دریاچه ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران. کرج، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: مجموعه عوامل با اثرات تشدیدکنندگی بر روی یکدیگر، منجر به خشکی دریاچه ارومیه گردیده ‏اند. جامعه ‏ای که درگیر و در تعامل با حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه بوده‏ اند به خوبی به وظایف خود عمل نکرده ‏اند که باعث بروز تخریب محیط‏زیست شده اند. هدف این مطالعه تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی سازمان های فعال در احیای دریاچه ارومیه در مورد مسائل مرتبط با آب، مسائل مرتبط با معیشت و مسائل مرتبط با الگوی کشت در استان های آذربایجان شرقی و آذربایجان غربی می باشد.
مواد و روش ها: در این راستا با استفاده از نظرخواهی از افراد متخصص و مطلع کلیدی تعداد 40 سازمان فعال در احیای دریاچه ارومیه در استان های آذربایجان شرقی و آذربایجان غربی، شناسایی و ارتباطات و تعاملات بین این سازمان ها با استفاده از تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی در نرم ‏افزارUCINET 6.0  بررسی شد و گراف‏های مورد نظر در نرم افزار Net Draw ترسیم گردید.
نتایج و بحث: طبق نتایج پژوهش میزان شاخص تراکم در شبکه های سازمان های دخیل در مسائل مرتبط با آب در حد متوسط، مسائل مرتبط با معیشت نزدیک متوسط و مسائل مرتبط با الگوی کشت ضعیف می باشد. نتایج حاصل از شاخص دوسویگی نیز به طور کامل نتایج شاخص تراکم را تایید می کند به طوری که سازمان ها در مورد مسائل مرتبط با آب (نزدیک متوسط)، معیشت (ضعیف) و الگوی کشت (ضعیف) به ترتیب ارتباط متقابل بیشتر به کمتری دارند. همچنین دفتر استانی ستاد احیای دریاچه ارومیه استان آذربایجان غربی، دفتر برنامه ریزی و تلفیق ستاد احیای دریاچه ارومیه و سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان آذربایجان غربی سازمان‏های قدرتمند هستند که دارای ارتباطات بیشتر و موقعیت مطلوب تری در شبکه می باشند.
نتیجه گیری: می توان این نتیجه را گرفت که سازمان های مختلف دخیل در احیای دریاچه ارومیه در دو استان آذربایجان شرقی و آذربایجان غربی در مورد مسائل مرتبط با منابع آب به دلیل اهمیت و ضرورت باالی آن برای سازمان ها جهت احیای دریاچه باهم انسجام به نسبت متوسطی در برنامه ریزی و اجرا دارند، اما نتوانسته اند به این اندازه نسبت به مسئله های مرتبط با معیشت روستاییان و الگوی کشت کشاورزان باهم هماهنگ و انسجام داشته باشند

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Social network analysis of active organizations in the lake Urmia restoration

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Reza Es'haghi
  • Yosef Hejazi
  • Seyed Mahmuod Hosseini
  • Abdolmotaleb Rezaie
Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The combination of factors with exacerbation effects on each other has led to drought in Urmia Lake. The community involved and interacting with the Urmia Lake Basin did not fulfill their duties to the extent that environmental degradation has occurred. The purpose of this study was Social Network Analysis of Active Organizations in the Urmia Lake Restoration on water related issues, livelihood related issues and crop Pattern related issues of cultivation in the provinces of East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan.
Material and methods: In this regard, using expert opinion and key information of 40 organizations active in the restoration of Urmia Lake in the provinces of East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan, identification and communication and interactions between these organizations using social network analysis in UCINET 6.0 software. The graphs are depicted in the Net Draw software.
Results and discussion: According to research results, the density index in the networks of organizations involved in water related issues is moderate, livelihood issues related to near moderate, and crop pattern related issues to poor. The results of the reciprocity index are also fully consistent with the results of the density index, so that organizations have respectively more and less interactions in water related issues (near moderate), livelihood issues related (poor) and crop pattern related issues (poor). Urmia Lake Restoration Program, West Azarbaijan Province, Urmia Lake Restoration Program and Agriculture Organization of West Azerbaijan Province are powerful organizations with more communication and better positioning in the network.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that various organizations involved in the restoration of Urmia Lake in two provinces of East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan are concerned with water related issues because of their importance and necessity for organizations to restoration the lake with a relatively modest cohesion in planning and implementation. However, they have not been able to coordinate and coherently deal with issues related to rural livelihood and farmers' crop patterns.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lake Urmia
  • Social network analysis
  • Water
  • Livelihoods
  • Crop pattern

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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 18، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 239-258

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