تحلیل تأثیر عملکرد سرپرستان خانوار روستایی بر ادراک آنها نسبت به پایداری محیطزیستی در شهرستان باغملک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: پایداری زیست‌محیطی بیان‌کننده‌ی اقدامات مادی و غیرمادی است که اطلاعاتی کلیدی از آثار محیط‌زیست، رعایت مقررات، روابط ذی‌نفعان و دستگاه‌های سازمانی فراهم می‌آورد و نشان‌دهنده‌ی تعاریفی از اثربخشی و بهره‌وری اقدامات صورت گرفته در محیط‌زیست است. عملکرد زیست‌محیطی به معنی میزان تأثیراتی است که فعالیت فیزیکی انسان بر روی محیط‌زیست می‌گذارد.  این شاخص بر ابعاد پایداری محیط‌زیست تأکید داشته و عملکرد سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌های کشورها را درزمینه ی کاهش معضلات محیط زیستی و حفاظت از محیط‌زیست و مدیریت منابع طبیعی موردسنجش و ارزیابی قرار می‌دهد. هدف کلی این تحقیق، تحلیل اثرات عملکرد زیست محیطی روستائیان بر ادراک آنها نسبت به پایداری زیست محیطی در شهرستان باغملک بود .
مواد و روش­ ها: تحقیق حاضر دارای ماهیت کمی است که ازنظر هدف جزو تحقیقات کاربردی و ازنظر نحوه گردآوری و پردازش داده‌ها جزو تحقیقات توصیفی ـ همبستگی به شمار می‌رود. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل سرپرستان خانوار روستاهای بخش مرکزی شهرستان باغملک بودند (N=3005). حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان 341 نفر محاسبه‌شد (N=341)و افراد نمونه با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای تناسبی موردمطالعه قرار گرفتند.  ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها در این تحقیق، پرسشنامه بود . روایی ظاهری و محتوایی پرسشنامه با نظـر کارشناسـان و متخصصـان درزمینه ­ی موضوع موردپژوهش مورد تأییـد قـرار گرفـت . بـرای تعیین پایایی ابزار تحقیق، مطالعـه راهنمـا  انجام گرفت که مقـدار آلفـای کرونبـاخ برای مقیاس‌های اصلی پرسشنامه در حد مطلوب (0.78 تا 0.91) بدست آمد.
نتایج و بحث: نتایج آمار توصیفی نشان داد میانگین ادراک پاسخگویان نسبت به پایداری زیست ­محیطی (3.66 از 6) بدست آمد. همچنین میانگین عملکرد زیست­محیطی (3.79 از 6) محاسبه شد. از بین مولفه­ های عملکرد زیست­ محیطی، مولفه مصرف با میانگین (4.36 از 6) و مولفه بازیافت با میانگین (3.45 از 6) به ترتیب بالاترین و پایین ­ترین اولویت را به خود اختصاص دادند. نتایج مدل­سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد مقادیر پایایی ترکیبی (CR) و میانگین واریانس استخراج شده (AVE)  محاسبه شده مؤلفه­های عملکرد زیست­ محیطی  در سطح مطلوبی بدست آمد. با توجه به وجود همبستگی معنی­دار بین مولفه­ های عملکرد زیست ­محیطی این سازه از روایی منطقی برخوردار بود.نتایج بدست آمده از ضرایب اندازه­ گیری نشانگرهای متغیر ادراک پاسخگویان نسبت به وضعیت پایداری زیست ­محیطی نشان داد مقدار شاخص میانگین واریانس استخراج شده در حد مناسب  و مقدار پایایی ترکیبی در سطح مطلوب بدست آمد. همچنین وجود همبستگی معنی­دار بین نشانگرها نشان داد  این متغیر از روایی منطقی قابل قبولی دارا می­باشد. نتایج مدل­های ساختاری نشان داد  عملکرد زیست­محیطی تاثیر مثبت و معنی­ داری بر ادراک پاسخگویان نسبت به پایداری زیست­ محیطی داشت. به طوری ­که این متغیر 13 درصد از تغییرات ادراک را تبیین نمود. همچنین نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد مولفه­های سه گانه عملکرد زیست­محیطی (مصرف، نهادی و بازیافت) تاثیر مثبت و معنی­داری بر ادراک پاسخگویان نسبت به پایداری زیست­ محیطی داشت. به طوری­ که این مولفه­ ها 24 درصد از تغییرات ادراک را تبیین کردند.
نتیجه ­گیری: به عنوان یک نتیجه کلی می‌توان بیان داشت در روستاهای مورد مطالعه ، لازمه‌ی انجام رفتار محیط زیستی، داشتن اطلاعات کافی  در مورد عملکرد محیط زیستی می باشد. درنتیجه هر چه مهارت روستاییان به سطوح بالاتر عملکرد مثبت زیست‌محیطی سوق پیدا کند رفتارهای سازگارتر  با محیط­زیست از خود بروز خواهند داد  که این رفتارها می­توانند به ارتقای پایداری زیست­ محیطی کمک نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact assessment of the performance of rural household’s heads on their perceptions toward environmental sustainability in Baghmalek County

نویسندگان [English]

  • ُSeyedeh Kowsar Mousapour
  • Amir Naeimi
Department of Extension, Communication and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction:
Environmental sustainability represents material and non-material actions that provide key information on environmental impacts, compliance, stakeholder relationships, and organizational systems and represent definitions of the effectiveness and productivity of environmental actions. Environmental performance means the amount of impact that physical activity has on the environment . It highlights the environmental sustainability dimensions and assesses the performance of policies and programs of countries in reducing environmental problems, environmental protection and natural resource management. The purpose of this research was to analysis  the effects of villagers environmental performance on their perception toward environmental sustainability in Baghmalek county.
Material and methods:
The present study is quantitative  in terms of its nature and objectives, a descriptive survey in terms of data collection, and a correlation study in terms of analyzing the data. Statistical population of the study was rural households heads in central region of Baghmalek township located at Khuzestan Province (N=3005). Sample size determined via Krejcie and Morgan’s table (n=341). Sampling method was proportional stratified random sampling. Research instrument was questionnaire. Which its face and content validity were confirmed a by panel of experts. To determine the reliability of the research tool, a pilot test was conducted that the Cronbach's alpha values for the main scales of the questionnaire was in the desirable range (0.78 to 0.91).
Results and discussion:
The results of descriptive statistics showed that the mean of respondents' perception toward environmental sustainability was 3.66 out of 6. Also, the calculated mean for environmental performance was 3.79 out of 6. Among the components of environmental performance, consumption with average (4.36 out of 6) and recycling with average (3.45 out of 6) had the highest and lowest priority, respectively. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the values of composite reliability (CR) and extracted mean variance (AVE) calculated for environmental performance components were obtained at optimum level. Considering the significant correlation between environmental performance components, this structure had logical validity. The results of the measuring coefficients of the items of respondents' perception toward environmental sustainability showed that the value of the AVE was at the appropriate level and the CR was at the optimum level. Also, there was significant correlations between items of perception showed that this variable had acceptable logical validity. The findings of structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that environmental performance had positive and significant effect on the respondents perception toward environmental sustainability. So that this variable explained 13 percent of the variance in perception. Also, results showed that three components of environmental performance (consumption, institutional and recycling) had positive and significant effect on the respondents perception toward environmental sustainability. So that these components could explain 24 percent of the of the variance in respondents perception.Conclusion: As a general conclusion, it can be said that in the villages under study, environmental behavior needs to be adequately informed about environmental performance. As a result, as villagers' skills lead to higher levels of positive environmental performance,  will perform more environmentally friendly behaviors that can help promote environmental sustainabilityMaterials and Methods: The present study is quantitative  in terms of its nature and objectives, a descriptive survey in terms of data collection, and a correlation study in terms of analyzing the data.Statistical population of the study was rural households heads in central region of Baghmalek township located at Khuzestan Province (N=3005). Sample size determined via Krejcie and Morgan’s table (n=341). Sampling method was proportional stratified random sampling. Research instrument was questionnaire.which its face and content validity were confirmed a by panel of experts. To determine the reliability of the research tool, a pilot test was conducted that the Cronbach's alpha values for the main scales of the questionnaire was in the disreable range (0.78 to 0.91).Results and Disscussion: The results of descriptive statistics showed that the mean of respondents' perception toward environmental sustainability was 3.66 out of 6. Also, the calculated mean for environmental performance was 3.79 out of 6. Among the components of environmental performance, consumption with average (4.36 out of 6) and recycling with average (3.45 out of 6) had the highest and lowest priority, respectively. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the values of composite reliability (CR) and extracted mean variance (AVE) calculated for environmental performance components were obtained at optimum level. Considering the significant correlation between environmental performance components, this structure had logical validity. The results of the measuring coefficients of the items of respondents' perception toward environmental sustainability showed that the value of the AVE was at the appropriate level and the CR was at the optimum level. Also, there was significant correlations between items of perception showed that this variable had acceptable logical validity.The findings of structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that environmental performance had positive and significant effect on the resopndents perception toward environmental sustainability. So that this variable explained 13 percent of the variance in perception. Also, results showed that three components of environmental performance (consumption, institutional and recycling) had positive and significant effect on the resopndents perception toward environmental sustainability. So that these components could explain 24 percent of the of the variance in respondents perception.
Conclusion:
As a general conclusion, it can be said that in the villages under study, environmental behavior needs to be adequately informed about environmental performance. As a result, as villagers' skills lead to higher levels of positive environmental performance,  will perform more environmentally friendly behaviors that can help promote environmental sustainability

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environment
  • Sustainability
  • Consumption behavior
  • Recycling
  • Perception

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فصلنامه علوم محیطی
دوره 18، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 21-40

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