<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE ArticleSet PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD PubMed 2.7//EN" "https://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/ncbi/pubmed/in/PubMed.dtd">
<ArticleSet>
<Article>
<Journal>
				<PublisherName>Shahid Beheshti University</PublisherName>
				<JournalTitle>Advanced Environmental Sciences</JournalTitle>
				<Issn>3115-7173</Issn>
				<Volume>7</Volume>
				<Issue>1</Issue>
				<PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
					<Year>2009</Year>
					<Month>09</Month>
					<Day>23</Day>
				</PubDate>
			</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>The Role of Education in Increasing Individual Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Caspian Sea</ArticleTitle>
<VernacularTitle>The Role of Education in Increasing Individual Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Caspian Sea</VernacularTitle>
			<FirstPage></FirstPage>
			<LastPage></LastPage>
			<ELocationID EIdType="pii">94466</ELocationID>
			
			
			<Language>FA</Language>
<AuthorList>
<Author>
					<FirstName>Hamed</FirstName>
					<LastName>Rafiee</LastName>
<Affiliation>epartment of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture and Resources, University of Tehran</Affiliation>

</Author>
<Author>
					<FirstName>Hamid</FirstName>
					<LastName>Amirnejad</LastName>
<Affiliation>epartment of Agricultural Economics Sari Agriculture and Natural Resources University</Affiliation>

</Author>
</AuthorList>
				<PublicationType>Journal Article</PublicationType>
			<History>
				<PubDate PubStatus="received">
					<Year>2015</Year>
					<Month>05</Month>
					<Day>17</Day>
				</PubDate>
			</History>
		<Abstract>&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 579.048px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13069);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;In this study, the effects of education on increasing &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 588.552px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.995239);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;individual willingness for the conservation of the Caspian &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 598.056px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08831);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Sea have been investigated using a random sampling &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 607.56px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00242);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;method and collecting 400 questionnaires in the seaboard &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 617.064px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05302);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;provinces in Iran. Five different informative brochures &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 626.28px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.979732);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;about the ecosystem of the Caspian Sea and its crucial role &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 635.784px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0219);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;in human life were handed to 200 people as intervention &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 645.288px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01667);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;group. The control group also included 200 people. Data &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 654.792px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07864);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;were analyzed using the contingent valuation method &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 664.296px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06503);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;(CVM) and Logit function. Results show a significant &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 673.8px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01153);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;difference between the two groups in their willingness to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 683.304px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.21208);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;pay (WTP) for conservation of the Caspian Sea &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 692.808px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01632);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;environment. Estimation of the Logit model showed that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 702.312px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13827);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;educational intervention has a significant effect on &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 711.816px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.991333);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;individual&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 153.792px; top: 711.816px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02251);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;WTp &lt; /span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 176.256px; top: 711.816px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06237);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;for the conservation of this ecosystem. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 721.032px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00562);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Each additional brochure with new information increases &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 730.536px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07718);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;the probability of a willingness to pay by 0.104 units, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 740.04px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01702);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;respectively. Also, other variable effects are investigated &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 749.544px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.11114);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;and, among them, education and income were more &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 759.048px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10632);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;effective in increasing individual willingness. In the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 768.552px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05125);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;control group, the income variable was more effective. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 778.056px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.994516);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Monthly individual willingness to pay for conservation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 787.56px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.98887);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;the environment in the control and intervention group was &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 797.064px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13167);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;estimated at 5370.8 and 8662.3 Rials, respectively. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 806.568px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02353);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Annual WTP for each household was estimated at about &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 815.784px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02571);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;205594.2 and 3154479.4 Rials in the groups mentioned. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 825.288px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00035);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;According to the results, an increase in information about &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 834.792px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01222);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;the importance of the Caspian Sea, lead to a higher WTP &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 844.296px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.965469);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;for conservation of this ecosystem. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</Abstract>
			<OtherAbstract Language="FA">&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 579.048px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13069);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;In this study, the effects of education on increasing &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 588.552px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.995239);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;individual willingness for the conservation of the Caspian &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 598.056px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08831);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Sea have been investigated using a random sampling &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 607.56px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00242);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;method and collecting 400 questionnaires in the seaboard &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 617.064px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05302);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;provinces in Iran. Five different informative brochures &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 626.28px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.979732);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;about the ecosystem of the Caspian Sea and its crucial role &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 635.784px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0219);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;in human life were handed to 200 people as intervention &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 645.288px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01667);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;group. The control group also included 200 people. Data &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 654.792px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07864);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;were analyzed using the contingent valuation method &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 664.296px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06503);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;(CVM) and Logit function. Results show a significant &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 673.8px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01153);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;difference between the two groups in their willingness to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 683.304px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.21208);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;pay (WTP) for conservation of the Caspian Sea &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 692.808px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01632);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;environment. Estimation of the Logit model showed that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 702.312px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13827);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;educational intervention has a significant effect on &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 711.816px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.991333);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;individual&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 153.792px; top: 711.816px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02251);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;WTp &lt; /span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 176.256px; top: 711.816px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06237);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;for the conservation of this ecosystem. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 721.032px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00562);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Each additional brochure with new information increases &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 730.536px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07718);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;the probability of a willingness to pay by 0.104 units, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 740.04px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01702);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;respectively. Also, other variable effects are investigated &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 749.544px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.11114);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;and, among them, education and income were more &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 759.048px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10632);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;effective in increasing individual willingness. In the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 768.552px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05125);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;control group, the income variable was more effective. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 778.056px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.994516);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Monthly individual willingness to pay for conservation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 787.56px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.98887);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;the environment in the control and intervention group was &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 797.064px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13167);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;estimated at 5370.8 and 8662.3 Rials, respectively. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 806.568px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02353);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Annual WTP for each household was estimated at about &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 815.784px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02571);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;205594.2 and 3154479.4 Rials in the groups mentioned. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 825.288px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00035);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;According to the results, an increase in information about &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 834.792px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01222);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;the importance of the Caspian Sea, lead to a higher WTP &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;left: 113.472px; top: 844.296px; font-size: 9.504px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.965469);&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;for conservation of this ecosystem. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</OtherAbstract>
		<ObjectList>
			<Object Type="keyword">
			<Param Name="value">Keywords: Education</Param>
			</Object>
			<Object Type="keyword">
			<Param Name="value">environmental conservation</Param>
			</Object>
			<Object Type="keyword">
			<Param Name="value">willingness to pay (WTP)</Param>
			</Object>
			<Object Type="keyword">
			<Param Name="value">Caspian Sea</Param>
			</Object>
		</ObjectList>
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