Hamed Mansoori,; Eskandar Zand,; Morteza Tavakoli; Mohammad Ali Baghestani
Volume 9, Issue 3 , April 2012
Abstract
In order to study the effect on sunflower and cotton of the residue of some sulfonylurea herbicides, two randomized complete block design studies were conducted with ten treatments in four replications for both of plants. Treatments included: sulfosulfuron (Apirus), idosulfuron+mesosulfuron (Chevalier), ...
Read More
In order to study the effect on sunflower and cotton of the residue of some sulfonylurea herbicides, two randomized complete block design studies were conducted with ten treatments in four replications for both of plants. Treatments included: sulfosulfuron (Apirus), idosulfuron+mesosulfuron (Chevalier), chlorsulfuron (Megaton), sulfosulfuron+ metsulfuron methyl (Total), idosulfuron+mesosulfuron+ mefenpyr (Atlantis) where all of the herbicides were used in three doses, with a no-herbicide control. Soil was sprayed with the herbicides and the treated soils were transferred to the greenhouse after four months, and sunflower and cotton were planted in pots containing these soils. The length and dry weight of different plant organs (root, stem and leaf) and total dry weight were measured at the four-leaf stage. The results showed that the treatments had negative effects on most of the measured characteristics in sunflower and sulfosulfuron+ metsulfuron methyl and chlorsulfuron at the highest dose (44 and 22.5 g ai ha-1, respectively) had the most harmful effects on the sunflowerand reduced dry weight by 82.97% and 70.31%, respectively, in comparison with the control. Only the height and root length of cotton had been affected of the herbicides and sulfosulfuron+ metsulfuron methyl and chlorsulfuron at the highest dose had the greatest negative effects on the height and root length of cotton. In attention to the results obtained, we can conclude that sunflower is probably more sensitive than cotton towards sulfonylurea herbicide residue.
Eskandar Zand; Mohammad Ali Baghestani,; Mohammad Reza Labafi Hosinabadi,; Ali Reza Atri; Mahdi Minbashi Moeini
Volume 7, Issue 4 , July 2010
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to investigate herbicide resistance in wild oat, canary grass, rye grass, and barnyard grass that were collected from Khuzestan, Fars, Markazi, Golestan, Kermanshah, Azarbayjan, Gilan and Mazandaran Provinces during 2004 to 2008. From among 333 collected weed biotypes collected, ...
Read More
Experiments were conducted to investigate herbicide resistance in wild oat, canary grass, rye grass, and barnyard grass that were collected from Khuzestan, Fars, Markazi, Golestan, Kermanshah, Azarbayjan, Gilan and Mazandaran Provinces during 2004 to 2008. From among 333 collected weed biotypes collected, 319 weed biotypes were suspected to be resistant to and 14 to be susceptible to herbicides. It was found that 182 wild oat biotypes, 61 canary grass biotypes and 14 ryegrasses out of the collected biotypes showed resistance to acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibiting herbicides (including Clodinafop-propargyl, fenoxaprop P ethyl and Diclofop methyl) and 76 weed biotypes showed suspected resistance or resistance to Propanil, Butachlor, Molinate and Thiobenkarb herbicides. The results indicated that 82 biotypes out of 333 biotypes (26%) collected from 92 fields (525 ha) showed resistance, 99 biotypes (30%) collected from 86 fields (625 ha) were tolerant and 152 biotypes (46%) collected from 68 fields (498 ha) did not show any herbicide resistance. Based on the number of resistant samples, the fields or field area was 298%, 283% and 203% respectively in 2008 as compared to 2005. It is incontrovertible that the number of infested fields to resistant weed biotypes is increasing and serious intensification was reported in the cases of wild oat, canary grass and rye grass, respectively. It was also reported that the maximum frequency, area and the number of infested fields to resistant wild oat was detected in Khuzestan, Kermanshah, Fars, Golestan and Ilam Provinces. The maximum frequency, area and the number of infested fields to resistant canary grass was found in Khuzestan, Golestan and Fars Provinces.
Hamid Reza Sasanfar; Eskandar Zand; Mohammad Ali Baghestani; Mohammad Javad Mirhadi
Volume 7, Issue 1 , October 2009
Abstract
In order to survey the resistance of wild oat populations to clodinafop propargyl herbicide, an experimental study was conducted at the Department of Weed Science, Plant Pest and Disease Research Institute greenhouse in 2008. Treatments included 12 wild oat populations suspected of being resistant to ...
Read More
In order to survey the resistance of wild oat populations to clodinafop propargyl herbicide, an experimental study was conducted at the Department of Weed Science, Plant Pest and Disease Research Institute greenhouse in 2008. Treatments included 12 wild oat populations suspected of being resistant to clodinafop propargyl and a susceptible biotype collected from Fars Province. A dose-response study was conducted for 13 wild oat populations. In this study, wild oat populations were sprayed during the 2–4 leaves stage using eight doses of clodinafop propargyl including 0 to 16 times the recommended dose (64 g ai ha-1). Biomass and surviving plant measurements were performed four weeks after herbicide application. Results of this study indicated that all suspected populations were resistant to clodinafop propargyl herbicide. The comparison of resistance index on the basis of biomass and surviving plants showed that the W/F-M2/85 population from Marvdasht had the highest level of resistance. This population could preserve over 50% more of both biomass and surviving plant relative to the control at 16 times (1024 g ai ha-1) the recommended dose.
Eskandar Zand; Fatemeh Bena Kashani; Mohammad Ali Baghestani; Azar Maknali; Mehdi Minbashi; Saeid Soufizadeh; Reza Deihimfard
Volume 4, Issue 3 , April 2007
Batoul Samedani; Mohammad Ali Baghestani
Volume 2, Issue 6 , January 2005
