Hamid Sarkheil; Zeinab Karimi Asl; Mohammad Talaeian Araghi
Abstract
Introduction: The problem of noise pollution is the most severe problem that most people encounter with in public. The purpose of this study was to investigate the amount of noise pollution caused by Tehran metro train traffic at the time of arrival and departure at the underground stations of ...
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Introduction: The problem of noise pollution is the most severe problem that most people encounter with in public. The purpose of this study was to investigate the amount of noise pollution caused by Tehran metro train traffic at the time of arrival and departure at the underground stations of Darvazeh Doulat and Tajrish.Material and methods: This study was conducted in the summer and autumn of 1398 in Darvazeh Doulat and Tajrish stations of Tehran Metro Line 1. The maximum and minimum values of noise pollution Intensity were recorded at specific distances from the edge of the platforms in the morning and evenings. Once every three days, 48 stations were measured and analyzed. In the continuation of the research in Tajrish Station, the distribution of noise pollution has been estimated by performing limited impressions using artificial neural network.Results and discussion: The values measured at specific distances from the edge of the platform show that the amount of noise pollution from the arrival of trains to the platform, the simultaneous entry of two trains to the platform, the arrival of non-stop trains, and crossing the platform in most times, was higher than standard. In some harvesting stations, it reached over 100 decibels, which indicates the critical situation of noise pollution in these subway platforms.Conclusion: The methods used in the present study have effectively estimated the amount of noise pollution in subway platforms. By identifying critical areas and providing measures to manage noise pollution, the damage on the health of citizens caused by noise pollution can be managed.
Hamid Sarkheil; Meisam Fathi Nooran; Mojtaba Kalhor; Yousef Azimi; Mohammad Talaeian Araghi
Abstract
Introduction: The process of extracting and exploiting oil and gas resources requires a cycle of production, delivery, and recycling of drilling mud or drilling fluid to achieve the right composition of drilling mud and recycling it as a fundamental issue in the oil industry and also, the environment. ...
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Introduction: The process of extracting and exploiting oil and gas resources requires a cycle of production, delivery, and recycling of drilling mud or drilling fluid to achieve the right composition of drilling mud and recycling it as a fundamental issue in the oil industry and also, the environment. For this purpose, waste management methods are usually used. Material and methods: In this study, an alternative method was chosen instead of the conventional method of stabilization/solidification as a drilling waste management process that is environmentally and economically viable. A total of 80 samples were taken from four types of samples taken from nine levels in an oil well in the south Azadegan field, including mud-cutting mixture, washed cutting, fixed mud-cutting mixture by cement (1:12 portion), and fixed mud-cutting mixture by cement and silica (1:12 and 1:400 portion). Results and discussion: Samples were prepared in different types of washed, with drilling fluid, stabilized, with cement, and stabilized with cement and sodium silicate to assess the concentration of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as well as the salinity. The concentration of heavy metals in the samples showed that no waste management process is required to control or reduce the metals in the samples, but salinity and PAHs require treatment at a depth of 1800 m and more. Conclusion: Summarizing the results of the analyzes showed that the washing process is better from the environmental point of view than the conventional method of stabilization/solidification because the contaminants have been removed from the drill bit, which will be utilized as the final product of this process. However, in the stabilization/solidification method, the pollutants are not purified. Therefore, the washing process was able to remove the contaminant from the excavation wells, so that the washed samples were according to the standard soil of Iran until the end of the standard drilling operation.
